生产动物功能完整性指标

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Production Science Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI:10.1071/an23029
I. Colditz, E. G. Smith, A. Ingham, S. Dominik
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引用次数: 0

摘要

描述动物一生中生活体验质量的能力在农场动物健康研究中越来越受到关注。身体功能的完整性是幸福感三重模型的一个重要方面:良好的感觉、功能和互动。这篇综述将功能完整性作为功能(eudaimonic)幸福感的潜在指标。大量文献表明,应对环境的日常波动会影响(1)生物节律的周期性,(2)生长、防御和修复资源的分配,以及(3)生物衰老的速度。在这里,我们回顾了通过分析(1)生理和行为变量的动态状态,(2)生产组织(牛奶、鸡蛋、体重、后代)和物理结构(纤维、蹄、骨、牙齿、板鳞、耳石、喙)中资源的积累,以及(3)生物年龄来评估功能完整性的机会。生物节律的周期性、行为的复杂性或生长和生产轨迹的一致性的降低通常与当前和未来的健康结果较差以及功能寿命较短有关。这些分析方法以复杂动力系统稳定性的统计测量为基础。此外,磨损对生物年龄的累积影响可以通过端粒长度、DNA甲基化、同种异体负荷的生物标志物、头发皮质醇和生理功能能力来评估。行为、生理和吸积的时间序列比生物年龄的累积指标提供了更丰富的功能完整性记录。动物生命过程的每个阶段都需要完整性指标,包括发育能力的实现、成熟表现的稳定性以及随着年龄的增长而下降的速度,以提供动物整个生命的全面记录。实时评估和回顾性评估以及应用于每个人和哨兵的措施的效用可能不同。在转化为商业环境可行之前,需要进一步验证将功能完整性指标解释为幸福感功能方面的指标,并确定其实用性和可靠性。单一类型的功能健康指标(如DNA甲基化)不太可能适用于所有生命阶段、物种、生产系统和环境。
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Indicators of functional integrity in production animals
An ability to describe the quality of lived experience across the course of an animal’s life is of increasing interest in studies on wellbeing in farm animals. Integrity of physical functions is an important aspect of the tripartite model of wellbeing: feeling, functioning and interacting well. This review examines measures of functional integrity as potential indicators of functional (eudaimonic) wellbeing. Copious literature shows that coping with day-to-day fluctuations in the environment influences (1) periodicity of biorhythms, (2) allocation of resources to growth, defence and repair, and (3) rate of biological aging. Here we review opportunities for assessing functional integrity through analysis of (1) the dynamic status of physiological and behavioural variables, (2) the accretion of resources in production tissues (milk, eggs, body mass, offspring) and physical structures (fibre, hoof, bone, tooth, placoid scale, otolith, beak), and (3) biological age. A reduction in periodicity of biorhythms, complexity of behaviours, or uniformity of trajectories of growth and production is often associated with poorer current and future health outcomes and shorter functional longevity. These analytical approaches are grounded in statistical measures of stability in complex dynamic systems. Additionally, the cumulative effect of wear and tear on biological age can be assessed via telomere length, DNA methylation, biomarkers of allostatic load, hair cortisol, and physiological functional capacity. Timeseries of behaviour, physiology and accretion provide a richer record of functional integrity than do cumulative indicators of biological age. Indicators of integrity are needed for each phase of the animal’s life course including attainment of developmental competencies, stability of mature performance, and rate of decline with advancing age, to provide a comprehensive record across the whole of the animal’s life. The utility of measures may differ between real-time and retrospective assessments and between application to every individual versus sentinels. Further validation is required for interpretating measures of functional integrity as indicators of the functional aspect of wellbeing, together with determining their practicality and reliability before translation to commercial settings is feasible. A single type of indicator of functional wellbeing (e.g. DNA methylation) is unlikely to have utility for all life stages, species, production systems, and environments.
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来源期刊
Animal Production Science
Animal Production Science AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
自引率
7.10%
发文量
139
期刊介绍: Research papers in Animal Production Science focus on improving livestock and food production, and on the social and economic issues that influence primary producers. The journal (formerly known as Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture) is predominantly concerned with domesticated animals (beef cattle, dairy cows, sheep, pigs, goats and poultry); however, contributions on horses and wild animals may be published where relevant. Animal Production Science is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.
期刊最新文献
Animal husbandry and animal production activities in village institutes, an important educational institution for social and economic development in Türkiye Sheep producers report docking tails shorter than recommended, knowledge–practice gap, and inconsistent length descriptions: an Australian survey Use of two different methods for glucose determination in sheep under normoglycemic, hypoglycemic, and hyperglycemic conditions: an evaluation of practical diagnostic methods in ovines Effect of zinc supplementation on the quality of cooled, stored equine sperm Incubation temperature affects growth and efficacy of white-rot fungi to improve the nutritive value of rice straw
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