Evaluation of Aortic Elasticity in Children with Celiac Disease Compared with Controls

Background Celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong, chronic and immune-mediated disorder. Recent studies have turned on a new light on the importance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness. The aim of this study was to evaluate arterial stiffness in children with celiac disease compared with controls. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, fifty children aged from 3.5 to 18 year- old with celiac compared with 50 age and sex-matched controls. The study performed in Ali Asghar pediatric hospital in Zahedan city, Iran during the year 2019. Echocardiography, aortic elasticity, blood pressure, tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA), and anthropomorphic parameters were measured. Arterial stiffness indices determined using 2D and Doppler echocardiography. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Results: In all and CD children, 51% and 56% were girls, respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were lower in patients (p <0.001). Aortic diameter in diastole was lower in patients significantly (p <0.001). Aortic strain (<0.001), PSEM (<0.001), AD (<0.001), and ASI (p <0.001) were different between celiac patients and controls.  Tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA) was changed significantly with Marsh classification (p <0.001); tTG-IgA was correlated with strain (r= 0.417, p=0.003), and AD (r= 0.282, p=0.047) before age control when the trends did not change after age control for AD (r=0.241, p=0.096).  LVMI was correlated with strain (r=-0309, p=0.029), PSEM (r=0.322, p=0.023), and AD (r=0.326, p=0.021) before controlling age when after age control this significant correlation omitted. Conclusion Concluded that aortic elastic risk is higher in celiac children when is free of modified marsh classification. Most of the aortic elastic parameters had significant correlation with changes of tTG-IgA antibody in children with celiac disease.