全国可持续农业联盟(https://sustainableagriculture.net/)

Leyla Cabugos
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引用次数: 1

摘要

从1981年到1986年,美国农业社区经历了自20世纪30年代大萧条以来最严重的金融危机(Barnett, 2000)。在此之前的十年里,在政府项目和对美国农产品日益增长的国际需求的鼓励下,农业生产大幅增长。农业生产者,特别是那些刚刚开始创业的农业生产者,为了最大限度地提高产量和对冲通货膨胀,承担了高额债务,以购买设备和土地。当产量的提高和一些出口市场的丧失导致商品价格急剧下跌时,负债累累的农民遭受了毁灭性的打击,干旱加剧了农民及其社区遭受的可怕损失(Barnett, 2000)。在这场农业危机中,与农村社区合作的基层组织发现,农民普遍对通过规模来实现生存的替代方案感兴趣。来自这些团体的代表聚集在一起,探讨联邦研究项目如何更好地支持农民“更多地利用他们的管理和技能来削减投入成本,为他们的生产增加价值,并在粮食系统中获得更大的利润份额”(Hassebrook, 2015, p. 2)。从关于家庭农场状况的开创性政府研究和政策建议中汲取灵感(美国农业部(USDA), 1981),农业用地(美国农业部和总统环境质量委员会,1981年)和有机实践(美国农业部有机农业研究小组,1980年),这些讨论中的领导人一致认为,需要在华盛顿有代表,以推进一个更全面地支持可持续农业的政策平台(Hassebrook, 2015;Hoefner, 2015)。他们还认识到,建立一个能够吸引https://doi.org/10.1080/10496505.2021.1966728参与的多元化网络的价值
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The National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition (https://sustainableagriculture.net/)
From 1981 through 1986, agricultural communities in the United States (U.S.) experienced the most severe financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s (Barnett, 2000). In the decade prior, agricultural production had increased dramatically, encouraged by government programs and by growing international demand for U.S. agricultural commodities. Agricultural producers, particularly those just starting their businesses, took on high levels of debt to purchase equipment and land in an effort to maximize production and hedge against inflation. Heavily leveraged farmers were devastated when elevated production and loss of some export markets brought down commodity prices sharply, and drought added to the dire losses incurred by farmers and their communities (Barnett, 2000). Grassroots organizations working with rural communities during this farm crisis observed widespread interest among farmers in alternatives to trying to achieve viability through scale. Representatives from these groups came together to explore how federal research programs could better support farmers to “use more of their management and skills to cut input cost, to add value to their production, and capture a bigger share of the profit in the food system” (Hassebrook, 2015, p. 2). Drawing inspiration from seminal government research and policy recommendations on the status of family farms (United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1981), agricultural lands (United States Department of Agriculture & the President’s Council on Environmental Quality, 1981), and organic practices (United States Department of Agriculture Study Team on Organic Farming, 1980), leaders in these discussions agreed on the need for representation in Washington to advance a policy platform to more comprehensively support sustainable agriculture (Hassebrook, 2015; Hoefner, 2015). They also recognized the value of cultivating a diverse network that could engage https://doi.org/10.1080/10496505.2021.1966728
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CiteScore
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