尼泊尔加德满都特里布万国际机场飞机排放及其对空气质量的影响评估

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Atmospheric Environment: X Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2023.100204
Dikra Prasad Bajgai , Kundan Lal Shrestha
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引用次数: 1

摘要

最近飞机航班数量的增加以及随之而来的排放量的增加引起了全世界的关注,预计这种增加的趋势将继续下去。本研究提供了特里布万国际机场(TIA)着陆和起飞周期(LTO)排放的总体估计,以及这些排放对加德满都谷地环境空气质量的相关贡献。采用排放因子法估算了近20年LTO期间飞机排放的氮氧化物(NOx)、一氧化碳(CO)、碳氢化合物(HC)、二氧化硫(SO2)、挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)、颗粒物(PM10、PM2.5)和黑碳(BC)。利用AERMOD和天气研究与预报(WRF)模式模拟了相应的对环境空气质量的贡献。研究显示,在2000年至2019年期间,机场飞机每年的LTO排放总量在898至2123吨之间。20年间,NOx、CO、HC、VOC、SO2、PM10、PM2.5和BC的平均排放量分别为14512、8142、2387、1737、1247、4881、472和231吨左右。飞机在滑行/怠速模式下的排放量最高,主要成分是HC和CO。飞机的排放量及其对空气质量的影响不断增加。在季风前季节,LTO排放对空气质量的贡献最大。TIA的优势污染物为氮氧化物,其24 h平均浓度为158.1 μg/m3,超过了国家环境空气质量标准(NAAQS)限值。因此,LTO排放显著影响了加德满都的环境空气质量。
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Evaluation of aircraft emission at Tribhuvan international airport and its contribution to air quality in Kathmandu, Nepal

The recent rise in the number of aircraft flights and the subsequent increase in emissions has raised concerns worldwide, and this increasing trend is expected to continue. This research provides an overall estimation of the landing and take-off cycle (LTO) emissions from Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) as well as the associated contribution of these emissions to ambient air quality in Kathmandu valley. The aircraft emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM10, and PM2.5), and black carbon (BC) during the LTO are estimated for recent 20 years by using the emission factor method. The corresponding contribution to ambient air quality was simulated using AERMOD and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) models. The research reveals that total LTO emissions by aircraft at TIA range from 898 to 2123 tonnes per year (2000–2019). The average LTO emissions of NOx, CO, HC, VOC, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, and BC were around 14512, 8142, 2387, 1737, 1247, 481, 472, and 231 tonnes respectively during the period of 20 years. The highest aircraft emission was shown in taxi/idle mode for the LTO cycle, with major constituents being HC and CO. The LTO emissions and their effect on air quality have continually increased. The highest contribution of the LTO emissions on air quality was found in the pre-monsoon season. The dominant pollutants in TIA were nitrogen oxides and its average 24-h concentration was 158.1 μg/m3, which exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) limit value. Hence, LTO emission significantly contributed to ambient air quality in Kathmandu city.

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来源期刊
Atmospheric Environment: X
Atmospheric Environment: X Environmental Science-Environmental Science (all)
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
47
审稿时长
12 weeks
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