Calcaneal osteotomies

Alteration of hindfoot alignment is a cornerstone of orthopaedic foot and ankle deformity correction. Hindfoot and forefoot loading are influenced by the alignment of the hindfoot and by the calcaneus configuration. Calcaneal osteotomies allow multi plane modification of the calcaneal axis and deformity correction, which results in improved biomechanics of the foot. Multiple calcaneal osteotomies incorporating numerous techniques, have been described to address the varied pathologies that produce varus and valgus hindfoot deformity. Although no clear evidence supports the superiority of one calcaneal osteotomy over the other, recent studies compare the biomechanical properties of different osteotomies. The aim of this review is to outline the of history and current concepts of calcaneal osteotomies.