The motorcycle rider behaviour questionnaire as a predictor of crashes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of the present review was to analyze the overall predictive ability of the Motorcycle Rider Behaviour Questionnaire (MRBQ) in regard to self-reported crashes. Therefore, the study examined the relationship between MRBQ factors (traffic error, control error, speed violation, and usage of safety equipment) and self-reported crashes using meta-analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used to select published studies, and was undertaken in three databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. Articles were required to focus on examine the relationship between riding behaviour and crash involvement using MRBQ. The random effect model of meta-analysis observed a small but significant effect of the factor “speed violation” on crashes (r = 0.11 [0.06, 0.15], p < 0.001). Further, age (r = 0.06 [−0.09, 0.2], p < 0.001) and riding experience (r = −0.4 [−0.84, 0.37], p < 0.001) were observed as significant predictors of crashes. The moderator analysis revealed only one dichotomous moderator, i.e., rider type. Overall, meta-analysis results revealed that the MRBQ has a lower predictive ability for crashes. Future studies should follow large sample validation with recorded crashes or by identifying alternate variables for crashes as a criterion. The implications of present study lie in providing a focused and quantitative analysis of which specific MRBQ factor is the most and least impactful. Furthermore, because the study focused on the predictive validity of MRBQ in relation to crashes, it provides a reference for additional MRBQ implications (e.g., relationship with psychological measures) to further investigate MRBQ's applicability.