γδ T细胞:临床免疫治疗中一颗闪亮的明星

Jiamian Zheng, Xuan Jiang, Haotian Zhao, Wandi Wang, Xiuli Wu, Zhenyi Jin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人γδ T细胞是一种非常规淋巴细胞,在先天性和适应性免疫反应和免疫监视中起作用。这些细胞以一种主要的组织相容性复合物不受限制的方式对肿瘤细胞表现出强大的细胞毒性,最近作为临床免疫治疗的一颗闪亮的明星受到了相当大的关注。活化γδ T细胞的临床免疫治疗试验耐受性良好。然而,临床疗效仍不令人满意。因此,抗肿瘤作用需要通过多种机制进一步提高γδ T细胞的细胞毒性,包括新型含氮双膦酸盐产物、双特异性抗体和嵌合抗原受体的辅助使用、γδ T细胞加免疫检查点抑制剂的联合免疫治疗、Vδ1 T细胞和表达特定γδ T细胞受体的T细胞的过继免疫治疗。本文介绍了γδ T细胞在抗肿瘤免疫中的重要作用,总结了转导策略,并总结了临床应用和癌症免疫治疗新方法的不同发展,这些新方法可能有效地克服当前治疗的局限性。
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γδ T cells: a sparkling star for clinical immunotherapy
Human γδ T cells are unconventional lymphocytes that function in innate and adaptive immune responses and immunosurveillance. These cells show potent cytotoxicity against tumor cells in a major histocompatibility complex unrestricted manner and have recently gained considerable attention as a sparkling star for clinical immunotherapy. Clinical immunotherapy trials with activated γδ T cells are tolerated well. However, clinical benefits are still unsatisfactory. Therefore, anti-tumor effects need to further increase the cytotoxicity of γδ T cells via several mechanisms, including the novel nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate products, adjuvant use with a bispecific antibody and chimeric antigen receptor, co-immunotherapy with γδ T cells plus immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive immunotherapy with Vδ1 T cells and T cells engineered to express a defined γδ T cell receptor. Here, this article describes the crucial role of γδ T cells in anti-tumor immunity, concludes transduction strategies and summarizes the different development of novel approaches for clinical applications and cancer immunotherapy, which may be effective in overcoming current therapeutic limitations.
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