Les batteries sont-elles la bonne option pour un développement durable ?

The challenges related to energy storage have led, over the past decade, to a scientific proliferation giving birth to spectacular innovations in battery research. They have contributed in making todays electric mobility a reality, and have been key enablers in the deployment of renewable energies. However, it is legitimate to wonder what will be the battery of the future and, in particular, if this battery will be the right option for sustainable development. This is what this manuscript addresses by discussing many aspects of battery research enlisting performances improvements in terms of autonomy, durability and safety. Moreover it presents on ongoing strategies aiming towards the development of more eco-compatible and smarter batteries, based either on new chemistries enlisting abundant metals (Na-ion), on innovative recycling processes or on the injections of smart sensing and self-healing functionalities. Such a diversity of fundamental scientific challenges emerging from concrete technological bottlenecks generates a myriad of fascinating opportunities to arouse new generation of talented students to take part in this exciting adventure. Mots-clés. Batteries, Énergie, Stockage, Lithium, CO2. ISSN (electronic) : 1778-7025 https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/ 402 Jean-Marie Tarascon