Intermittent exotropia with convergence insufficiency — diagnostics, methods of invasive treatment

The review analyzes most common injection and surgical methods of treatment of intermittent exotropia of convergence insufficiency: injections of botulinum toxin type A, injections of bupivacaine, bilateral recession of lateral rectus muscles with imposition of fixation sutures or without it (including hemi-hang-back, no-noose technique), recession of lateral rectus muscles according to Stellard, unilateral or bilateral resection of medial rectus muscle, a combination of resection with recession in one eye, the formation of a duplication of medial rectus muscle. The results before and after treatment are presented. The results of evaluating the effectiveness of invasive therapy in patients with exotropia with convergence insufficiency are summed up.