Investigating of the polymorphism of Solanaceae R2R3 Myb and Brassica Myb114 genes of transcription factors in connection with the anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation

Based on comparison of R2R3 Myb genes in Solanaceae (S. lycopersicum: Ant1, Ant2, S. melongena: Myb1, C. annuum: Myb113-like1 and Myb113-like2) and Brassicaceae crops, a search for orthologous sequences was The sequences encoding Myb114 TF in Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa was found to be the closest in a nucleotide structure to the previously investigated genes in Solanaceae. Тhе polymorphism in the promoter region of the Capsicum annuum Myb113-like1 gene that regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis: an additional 148 bp repeat and 2(1) bp insertion in the forms with impaired anthocyanin synthesis in fruits was studied. A relationship between the presence of an insert in the promoter (Myb113-like1pr+148) and polymorphisms in the exon regions of Myb113-like1delTand Myb113-like2C/Аgenes associated with impaired anthocyanin synthesis was established. A number of polymorphisms of the Myb114 gene in vegetable crops of the cabbage family (Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa), which closely correlate with high/low accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves, were identified. In B. oleracea, SNPs that lead to the replacement of two amino acids located in the region of DNAbinding domains were found, which leads to a change in the efficiency of binding of this transcription factor and the promoters of structural biosynthesis genes. A protein sequence encoded by the Myb114 gene in accessions of the leafy turnip (B. rapa) with a high accumulation of anthocyanins in the leaves differed from the accessions without anthocyanin accumulation in the leaves by five amino acids, while the regions of DNA-binding domains were the same in the forms with various anthocyanin accumulation.