Three-dimensional simulations of fluid flows in oscillating lid-driven cavities using lattice Boltzmann method

We utilize the lattice Boltzmann method to conduct three-dimensional simulations of incompressible flows in oscillating cubic lid-driven cavities. Our investigation focuses on examining the impact of Reynolds number and oscillating frequency on the flow field. Notably, we observe that the flow field can be adequately approximated as two-dimensional within the low and intermediate Reynolds number range, but this approximation is no longer valid for high Reynolds numbers. Additionally, we find that high Reynolds numbers correspond to transient flow fields, while low and moderate Reynolds numbers exhibit quasi-steady periodic flow fields. Our study holds significant relevance for industrial processing applications, where the Reynolds numbers and oscillating frequencies can be optimized to achieve a desired flow field.