2019冠状病毒病大流行对巴基斯坦斯瓦特地区常规免疫疫苗接种的影响

IF 4.1 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Avicenna Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI:10.5339/avi.2022.11
K. Ullah, J. Saleem, Muhammad Ishaq, Farhad Ali Khattak, Fatima Majeed
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引用次数: 3

摘要

COVID-19大流行影响了全球挽救生命的儿童免疫接种,也影响了疫苗可预防疾病的根除和消除工作。在大流行的初始阶段,一些国家暂时停止了针对麻疹、脑膜炎、脊髓灰质炎、破伤风、伤寒和黄热病的疫苗接种运动。本研究旨在量化COVID-19对扩大免疫接种的影响。2022年6月至8月在开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦的斯瓦特地区进行了一项横断面研究。从扩大免疫方案管理信息系统中提取了大流行前4个月和封锁期4个月的数据。以大流行前4个月的数据为基准,并与4个月的封锁期进行比较。在封锁期间,各种抗原覆盖率下降了7-19%。Penta-3的覆盖率受影响最大,下降了19%,而麻疹覆盖率受影响较小,在封锁期间下降了7%。卡介苗覆盖率下降14%,PCV下降11%至18%,Rota下降12%至16%,IPV下降18%。在封锁后的几个月里,疫苗接种覆盖率有所提高,但违约儿童和零剂量儿童的数量有所增加。为了填补这一空白,建议制定一项强有力的疫苗接种战略。
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Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the uptake of routine immunization vaccines in Swat District in Pakistan
The COVID-19 pandemic affected life-saving childhood immunization globally and affected Vaccine-Preventable Diseases eradication and elimination efforts. During the initial phase of the pandemic, some countries temporarily stopped vaccination campaigns against measles, meningitis, polio, tetanus, typhoid, and yellow fever. This study was conducted to quantify the effect of COVID-19 on EPI vaccination. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the district Swat of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa from June to August 2022. The data was extracted from the EPI Management Information System for the four months of the pre-pandemic period and four months of the lockdown period. The pre-pandemic four-month data was taken as a baseline and was compared with the four-months lockdown period. A 7-19% decrease was found during the lockdown period in various antigen coverage. Coverage of Penta-3 was most affected having a 19% decrease while measles coverage was less affected showing a 7% decrease during the lockdown period. BCG coverage was affected by 14%, PCV by 11 to 18%, Rota by 12 to 16%, and IPV by 18%. The vaccination coverage improved in the later months of the lockdown, but the number of defaulters and zero-dose children increased. To fill this gap, a robust strategy for vaccination is recommended.
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