地球动力学

IF 1 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Geodynamics Pub Date : 2018-07-10 DOI:10.23939/jgd2018.01.027
K. Bezruchko, N. Diachenko
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A tectonic model of formation of pull-aparts in the mode of transtension on the territory of KM (on the example of “Dobropilska” mine) is proposed, which results in manifestations of GDP (in particular “wet blowers”) in the form of a small kettle of subsidence in zones of en echelon overlapping of shears. The latter ones are formed under the action of the shear field of tectonic stresses (the axis of space shortening is (σ1) due to the horizontal shear is oriented in azimuth 160-170° (340-350°), the axis of elongation is (σ3) – 70-80° (250-260°). At this, the combination of fringing Y and T faultings in the conditions of transtension, most likely, provides gas permeability and water permeability of the zone. Structure-kinematic relationships of formation and development of shear dislocations of KM at Donbas are researched. Originality. The structural-kinematic relationships in the formation and development of shear dislocations of the Krasnoarmiiskyi district of Donbas and their impact on the formation of GDP zones were studied firstly. They based on the developed digital model of the actual tectonic disturbance of the rock massif on the example of the mining allotments group of KM. It is established for the first time: a) subparallel disjunctives of the NE orientation (15-30°), regardless of morphology, are as the boundaries of parallelogram-like blocks, forming either scaly packets or packets of fault scarps (depending on the morphology of the faultings), limited in the strike by the fault planes of N-NE and SW fall; in the case of scaly packets in the orientation of the fall of the fault plane it is dominated by the E-SE direction, the faultings limiting the fault scarps are characterized by the opposite WN direction of the fall; b) faultings of SE orientation are morphologically represented by shear-thrusts, and with depth change not only the angle of incidence from 35° to 85°, but also the azimuth of strike (from 20-25° to 50°), forming a fanlike feathering of the main faulting in the plan; c) faultings of different morphology are represented not by a single fault plane, but by a series of disturbances on all stratigraphic horizons, which form a zone of faulting formation – a vertical \"tectonic strip\"; d) in the SE part of the mine \"Pioner\" a duplex of compression (transpression mode) was found, it is expressed by a folded system (F), up to 287 m wide and fragments of sloping, changing the strike of the Novoiverskyi thrusts; e) the zone of tension duplexes located in the chain, which have a characteristic broken-step configuration at the \"Dobropilska\" mine, to which “wet blowers” are connected with, develops due to local strike (transtension); f) paragenesis of deformations in the study area corresponds to the shear field of tectonic stresses with north-northwest direction of compression and east-northeast tension, in which fault-shear displacement occurs along with the disjunctive breaks. Practical significance. The established relationships of the impact of shear tectonics on the formation of GDP in coal beds are important both by clarifying the mechanism of tectonogenesis and the nature of pull-aparts formation (en echelon zones of tension), and by the possibility of using additional prognostic criteria for searching for accumulations of free methane and its sudden manifestations (GDP) in coal beds. The application of knowledge of these relationships at mining enterprises will allow reducing the costs for the struggle against dangerous GDP manifestations and predicting them reliably.","PeriodicalId":46263,"journal":{"name":"Geodynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"GEODYNAMICS\",\"authors\":\"K. Bezruchko, N. 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引用次数: 1

摘要

意图本文的目的是重建顿巴斯(乌克兰东部)克拉斯诺阿米斯卡单斜构造(KM)剪切位错带(剪切应力场)的地球动力学发展,并确定它们对煤沉积物中气体动力学现象(GDP)出现的影响关系。方法论采用数字地质制图、矿山几何模拟、地质构造分析和构造地貌重建等方法对构造地质信息进行分析。使用了一种复杂的统计处理构造扰动数据的方法——通过玫瑰图方法估计方位角方向的频率。应用了煤层形态构造分析技术(一种识别梯度结构的数学技术)。后果提出了KM地区(以“Dobropilska”矿为例)以拉张模式形成拉壳的构造模型,该模型导致GDP(特别是“湿式鼓风机”)在剪切带的梯形重叠带中以小壶沉降的形式表现。后者是在构造应力剪切场的作用下形成的(由于水平剪切,空间缩短轴为(σ1),方位角为160-170°(340-350°),延伸轴为(∑3)-70-80°(250-260°)。在这种情况下,在平移条件下,边缘Y和T断层的组合很可能提供了该带的透气性和透水性。研究了顿巴斯KM剪切位错形成和发展的结构-运动学关系。独创性首先研究了顿巴斯克拉斯诺阿米斯基地区剪切位错形成和发展的结构运动学关系及其对GDP带形成的影响。他们基于以KM采矿分配群为例开发的岩体实际构造扰动的数字模型。该模型首次建立:a)NE方向(15-30°)的亚平行间断,无论形态如何,都是平行四边形块体的边界,形成鳞片状包或断层崖包(取决于断层的形态),其走向受到北东向和西南向断层面的限制;在断层平面下落方向上的鳞状包的情况下,它由E-SE方向主导,限制断层崖的断层的特征是下落的相反WN方向;b) SE向断层在形态上以剪切冲断层为代表,随着深度的变化,不仅入射角从35°变化到85°,而且走向方位角(从20-25°变化到50°)也发生了变化,形成了平面内主断层的扇形顺滑;c) 不同形态的断层不是由单一的断层面表示的,而是由所有地层层位上的一系列扰动表示的,这些扰动形成了一个断层形成带——一个垂直的“构造带”;d) 在矿山“开拓者”的SE部分,发现了双重压缩(转换压缩模式),它由折叠系统(F)表示,宽度高达287米,碎片倾斜,改变了Novoiverskyi冲断层的走向;e) 位于链条中的张力复式带,在与“湿式鼓风机”相连的“Dobropilska”矿场具有特征性的断阶配置,由于局部罢工(超张力)而形成;f) 研究区变形的共生对应着北-西北向挤压、东-东北向拉伸的构造应力剪切场,断裂剪切位移伴随着断裂断裂而发生。实际意义。剪切构造对煤层GDP形成的影响的既定关系是重要的,这既可以通过阐明构造形成的机制和拉壳形成的性质(张力的梯队带),也可以通过使用额外的预测标准来寻找煤层中游离甲烷的积聚及其突然表现(GDP)。在矿业企业中应用这些关系的知识将有助于降低与危险的GDP表现作斗争的成本,并可靠地预测这些表现。
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GEODYNAMICS
Purpose. The purpose of the paper is the reconstruction of the geodynamic development of the shear dislocation zone (shear stress fields) of the Krasnoarmiiska monocline (KM) of Donbas (Eastern Ukraine) and determining the relationships of their impact on the emergence of gas-dynamic phenomena (GDP) in coal sediments. Methodology. Methods of digital geological cartography, mining-geometric simulation, geological-structural analysis, and structural-geomorphological reconstruction are used for the analysis of structural-geological information. A complex of methods for statistical processing of data on the tectonic disturbance is used – estimation of the frequency of azimuth orientations by the roses-diagram method. Techniques of morphotectonic analysis of the coal bed (a mathematical technique for identifying the gradient structures) are applied. Results. A tectonic model of formation of pull-aparts in the mode of transtension on the territory of KM (on the example of “Dobropilska” mine) is proposed, which results in manifestations of GDP (in particular “wet blowers”) in the form of a small kettle of subsidence in zones of en echelon overlapping of shears. The latter ones are formed under the action of the shear field of tectonic stresses (the axis of space shortening is (σ1) due to the horizontal shear is oriented in azimuth 160-170° (340-350°), the axis of elongation is (σ3) – 70-80° (250-260°). At this, the combination of fringing Y and T faultings in the conditions of transtension, most likely, provides gas permeability and water permeability of the zone. Structure-kinematic relationships of formation and development of shear dislocations of KM at Donbas are researched. Originality. The structural-kinematic relationships in the formation and development of shear dislocations of the Krasnoarmiiskyi district of Donbas and their impact on the formation of GDP zones were studied firstly. They based on the developed digital model of the actual tectonic disturbance of the rock massif on the example of the mining allotments group of KM. It is established for the first time: a) subparallel disjunctives of the NE orientation (15-30°), regardless of morphology, are as the boundaries of parallelogram-like blocks, forming either scaly packets or packets of fault scarps (depending on the morphology of the faultings), limited in the strike by the fault planes of N-NE and SW fall; in the case of scaly packets in the orientation of the fall of the fault plane it is dominated by the E-SE direction, the faultings limiting the fault scarps are characterized by the opposite WN direction of the fall; b) faultings of SE orientation are morphologically represented by shear-thrusts, and with depth change not only the angle of incidence from 35° to 85°, but also the azimuth of strike (from 20-25° to 50°), forming a fanlike feathering of the main faulting in the plan; c) faultings of different morphology are represented not by a single fault plane, but by a series of disturbances on all stratigraphic horizons, which form a zone of faulting formation – a vertical "tectonic strip"; d) in the SE part of the mine "Pioner" a duplex of compression (transpression mode) was found, it is expressed by a folded system (F), up to 287 m wide and fragments of sloping, changing the strike of the Novoiverskyi thrusts; e) the zone of tension duplexes located in the chain, which have a characteristic broken-step configuration at the "Dobropilska" mine, to which “wet blowers” are connected with, develops due to local strike (transtension); f) paragenesis of deformations in the study area corresponds to the shear field of tectonic stresses with north-northwest direction of compression and east-northeast tension, in which fault-shear displacement occurs along with the disjunctive breaks. Practical significance. The established relationships of the impact of shear tectonics on the formation of GDP in coal beds are important both by clarifying the mechanism of tectonogenesis and the nature of pull-aparts formation (en echelon zones of tension), and by the possibility of using additional prognostic criteria for searching for accumulations of free methane and its sudden manifestations (GDP) in coal beds. The application of knowledge of these relationships at mining enterprises will allow reducing the costs for the struggle against dangerous GDP manifestations and predicting them reliably.
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Geodynamics
Geodynamics GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-
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