填补空白:国际人道主义法的扩张与自由战士的陪审团化

A. Alexander
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章追溯了国际法的扩展,从只有一个国家的士兵才具有法律地位的《海牙公约》,到当代对国际法管辖冲突中所有参与者的理解。这可以被视为减少国家权力的人道主义转变。然而,这篇文章认为,《海牙公约》只建立了一个有限的正式法律范围,因为代表们故意将自由战士排除在法律之外,由他们自己的意愿和道德准则来管理。在这样做的过程中,代表们呼应了一种将真正的自由置于国家之外的哲学传统。正如这篇文章所表明的那样,要将法律扩大到包括这类战斗人员,就需要用一系列更新和扩大的正式法律标准来取代这类替代法规。因此,将国际法扩展到国家以外的领域导致了对该法律的重申,该法律是国家的同义词。
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Filling the Gaps: The Expansion of International Humanitarian Law and the Juridification of the Free-Fighter
This article traces the expansion of international law from the Hague Conventions, where only a state’s soldiers had legal status, to the contemporary understanding that international law governs all participants in conflict. This can be seen as a humanitarian shift that diminishes state power. This article, however, argues that the Hague Conventions only established a limited sphere of formal law because delegates deliberately left free-fighters outside the law, to be governed by their own will and moral code. In doing so, delegates echoed a philosophical tradition that situates true freedom outside the state. As this article shows, the expansion of law to include such fighters required the replacement of such alternative codes with a renewed and extended range of formal legal criteria. As such, the expansion of international law to the realm outside the state has led to a reaffirmation of that law which is synonymous with the state.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
11.10%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: The Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies is a peer reviewed journal aimed at promoting the rule of law in humanitarian emergency situations and, in particular, the protection and assistance afforded to persons in the event of armed conflicts and natural disasters in all phases and facets under international law. The Journal welcomes submissions in the areas of international humanitarian law, international human rights law, international refugee law and international law relating to disaster response. In addition, other areas of law can be identified including, but not limited to the norms regulating the prevention of humanitarian emergency situations, the law concerning internally displaced persons, arms control and disarmament law, legal issues relating to human security, and the implementation and enforcement of humanitarian norms. The Journal´s objective is to further the understanding of these legal areas in their own right as well as in their interplay. The Journal encourages writing beyond the theoretical level taking into account the practical implications from the perspective of those who are or may be affected by humanitarian emergency situations. The Journal aims at and seeks the perspective of academics, government and organisation officials, military lawyers, practitioners working in the humanitarian (legal) field, as well as students and other individuals interested therein.
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