Hydropower and the geopolitics of renewable energies in the Amazon Basin

Abstract This article aims to reflect on the strategic importance of hydroelectric energy generated in the Amazon region for the interconnected Brazilian system. Its quantification shows a regional potential for higher energy generation compared to the current production of pre-salt oil. We consider this issue from the perspective of the geopolitics of renewable energy that brings new and relevant elements. In this article, the analytical framework focuses on path-dependence, smart-grids and energy-intensive societies and their energy security policies. As a result, we observe that in the current configuration, the advent of renewable energies can be an additional element of a long-term economic specialization of the Amazon, with worrying consequences from a socio-environmental perspective.