日粮能量来源对放牧小母牛妊娠率和生殖生理的影响

IF 2.1 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Frontiers in animal science Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.3389/fanim.2023.1170377
T. Davis, Katherine E. Amirault, J. Stewart, C. B. Gleason, N. Dias, C. Timlin, Z. Seekford, A. Ealy, V. Mercadante, R. White
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引用次数: 1

摘要

适当生产类固醇激素,如孕酮(P4),对维持妊娠至关重要。从饮食中提供糖异生底物可以以支持提高P4浓度的方式改变吸收后的能量供应和相关的激素信号传导。杂交安格斯小母牛(n=27)在试验前体重(BW)和身体状况评分(BCS)方面进行平衡,然后分配到以淀粉(ES)或脂肪(EF)为主要能量来源的等能量饮食中(45.7%淀粉vs 11.5%脂肪)。在发情同步开始前8天,将小母牛置于指定的饮食中,并在首次受精后52天的第二次妊娠诊断中继续饮食。在繁殖后第28天,通过超声检查诊断妊娠状态。在第−10、−8、−4和第0天,通过直肠触诊和超声检查收集与繁殖相关的卵泡大小和数量的测量值。在−10、1至7、10、14、18、21、24和28天采集血样,分析血浆中P4浓度和胎盘相关糖蛋白(PAG)浓度。使用线性混合效应模型对数据进行分析,该模型对治疗具有固定效应,对笔具有随机效应。使用重复测量方法分析随时间收集的观察结果,该方法对治疗、时间、初始条件具有固定影响,对笔具有随机影响。还测试了PAG和P4浓度在治疗和妊娠状态之间的相互作用。在最终BCS(P=0.12)和总干物质摄入量(DMI;P=0.51)方面没有观察到治疗差异,尽管接受ES治疗的小母牛的体重往往会增加(P=0.10)。尽管与喂食EF饮食的小母牛相比,喂食ES饮食的小牛的受孕率在数字上更高(71.4%对66.7%),但没有统计学上的显著差异。此外,在妊娠结局、卵泡大小或数量方面,不同饮食之间没有观察到显著差异。PAG和P4浓度均检测到妊娠状态相互作用治疗。这些结果表明,在繁殖期间提供的短期膳食淀粉补充会导致生殖激素丰度的变化,这可能有助于怀孕。
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Effect of dietary energy source on pregnancy rates and reproductive physiology of pastured beef heifers
Proper production of steroid hormones, such as progesterone (P4), is essential for maintenance of pregnancy. Provision of gluconeogenic substrates from the diet may alter postabsorptive energy supplies and associated hormone signaling in a manner supportive of elevating P4 concentrations. Crossbred Angus heifers (n=27) were balanced for pre-trial bodyweight (BW) and body condition score (BCS), then assigned to isoenergetic diets leveraging starch (ES) or fat (EF) as the primary source of energy (45.7% starch vs 11.5% fat). The heifers were placed on the assigned diets 8 days prior to the initiation of estrous synchronization and continued the diets through the second pregnancy diagnosis, 52 days after the initial insemination. On day 28 post-breeding, pregnancy status was diagnosed via ultrasonography. Measurements of follicle size and number were collected via rectal palpation and ultrasonography on days −10, −8, −4, and day 0 relative to breeding. Blood samples were collected on days −10, 1 through 7, 10, 14, 18, 21, 24, and 28 to analyze plasma for P4 concentrations and placental-associated glycoprotein (PAG) concentrations. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with a fixed effect for treatment and a random effect for pen. Observations collected over time were analyzed using a repeated measures approach with fixed effects for treatment, time, initial condition, and a random effect for pen. Interactions between treatment and pregnancy status were also tested for PAG and P4 concentrations. No treatment differences were observed in final BCS (P=0.12) and total dry matter intake (DMI; P=0.51), though heifers on the ES treatment tended to reach an increased BW (P=0.10). Although heifers fed ES diets had numerically higher conception rates compared to heifers fed EF diets (71.4% vs. 66.7%), there was no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, there were no significant differences observed among diets in terms of pregnancy outcomes, follicle size, or number. A treatment by pregnancy status interaction was detected for both PAG and P4 concentrations. These results suggest that short-term dietary starch supplementation provided around the time of breeding can result in shifts to reproductive hormone abundance that may be conducive for pregnancy establishment.
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