甘薯在真正杂交种中的遗传不亲和效应对农民新品种开发的影响

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI:10.1002/sae2.12044

Issa Zakari Mahaman Mourtala, Samuel C. Chukwu

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摘要

甘薯是一种植物繁殖、高度杂合和异交的作物。甘薯具有六倍体的特性，遗传改良十分复杂。本研究的目的是评估从尼日尔和尼日利亚采集的甘薯材料之间的遗传兼容性，为下一个杂交块选择最佳亲本，以开发新的农民品种。材料与方法实验在尼日利亚阿巴卡利基埃博尼州立大学作物生产与景观管理系的田间试验中进行。采用双列杂交设计方法3建立了13个基因型的杂交区系。结果两组间差异有非常显著性（χ2 = 48.32；p <； 0.001）。两个杂交获得了直接和反向杂交的完全不亲和性，25个杂交（16.02%）观察到部分不亲和性。杂交成功率在14.82%至43.58%之间，总平均值为28.04%。家系间每粒种子数的平均值在0.73%至1.57%之间，总均数为1.05。发芽率为22.92%～75.90%，平均45.91%。

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Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] genetic incompatibility effects in true hybrids seeds for new farmer cultivars development

Introduction

Sweetpotato is a vegetatively propagated, highly heterozygous and outcrossing crop. Genetic improvement of sweetpotato is complicated because of the hexaploid nature of the crop. The objective of this study was to assess genetic compatibility between sweetpotato accessions collected from Niger and Nigeria to select the best parents for the next hybridisation block to develop new farmer varieties.

Materials and Methods

The experiment was conducted at field experiment of department of crop production and landscape management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria. The crossing block was established using diallel mating design method three to cross 13 genotypes.

Results

Results revealed very highly significant difference (χ² = 48.32; p < 0.001) for the successful cross rates. Complete incompatibility for both direct and reciprocal crosses was obtained from two crosses while, partial incompatibility was observed in 25 crosses (16.02%). Successful crosses rate varied from 14.82% to 43.58% with a grand mean of 28.04%. The mean of number of seeds per capsule between families ranged from 0.73% to 1.57% with a grand mean of 1.05. Germination rate varied from 22.92% to 75.90% with a grand mean of 45.91%.