动物环境与福利研究进展

Baoming Li, Yang Wang, Li Rong, Weichao Zheng
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摘要

动物的福利在很大程度上取决于它在与环境和谐相处中适应和茁壮成长的能力,确保身体和心理健康。多年来,农场动物的福利引起了全球的关注,对公众和科学界来说越来越重要。环境和动物福利之间的联系主要是通过为动物提供合适和可控的环境来建立的。然而,必须认识到,环境的影响不仅仅是确保免于不适。环境在塑造动物对疾病、压力和病原体等挑战的反应方面发挥着至关重要的作用。虽然动物可能被安置在为健康、生产和福利提供最佳条件的受控环境中,但重要的是要认识到,特定的情况会显著影响和改变环境要求。即使有了新鲜空气,某些因素也会对动物的健康产生重大影响。此外,提供适当的环境条件不仅能满足基本需求,还能极大地促进动物的自然行为。它是确保和维持适当福利标准的相关工具。本综述通过考虑不同饲养系统中管理的动物的福利,考虑环境压力、饲养系统和环境富集项目的提供,对环境福利采取了全面的方法。通过研究这些因素,可以更广泛地理解环境和福利之间的关系,并概述了未来研究的建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Research progress on animal environment and welfare

Animal welfare closely depends on its ability to adapt and thrive in a harmonious relationship with its environment, ensuring both physical and psychological well-being. Over the years, the welfare of farm animals has gathered global attention and has become increasingly important to the general public and scientific communities. The connection between the environment and animal welfare is primarily established through the provision of suitable and controllable environment for animals. However, it is essential to recognize that the impact of environment extends beyond merely ensuring freedom from discomfort. The environment plays a crucial role in shaping an animal's response to challenges such as disease, stress, and pathogen. While animals may be housed in controlled environments that provide optimal conditions for health, production, and welfare, it is important to acknowledge that specific scenarios can significantly affect and alter the environmental requirements. Even with access to fresh air, certain factors can have a substantial impact on the well-being of animals. Furthermore, providing appropriate environmental conditions goes beyond meeting basic needs and can greatly contribute to allowing animals to engage in their natural behaviors. It serves as a relevant tool for ensuring and maintaining adequate welfare standards. This review takes a comprehensive approach to environmental welfare by considering the welfare of animals managed in different stocking systems, considering environmental stress, stocking systems, and the provision of environmental enrichment items. By examining these factors, a broader understanding of the relationship between environment and welfare is achieved and recommendations for future research are outlined.

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