Energy-efficient multipath clustering with load balancing routing protocol for wireless multimedia sensor networks

Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) has the capability of collecting scalar information, as well as multi-media events like moving object tracking and traffic fatalities. Because energy in WMSNs is a constrained resource, several researchers offered cluster routing approaches, and most protocols generally do not offer an average resource usage of the network that is balanced and minimised. To address this issue, this paper proposes an Energy-Efficient Multipath Clustering with Load Balancing Routing Protocol for WMSNs (EEMCL) to prolong the network lifetime. The suggested protocol, which segments the network into layers of clusters, would be implemented using multi-hop. Sensing data from the sensor is transmitted to the sink by the main cluster heads in each layer, cooperating with the cluster heads in the upper layers. The proposed protocol improves energy dissipation, network life-times, and network stability according to simulation results when compared with SEP, SEP-E, and SEPFL protocols. The last node dead for the proposed protocol is at round 5833, 4027 for SEPFL, 2828 for SEP-E, and 2325 for SEP.