先进LIGO、先进Virgo和KAGRA对引力波瞬态观测和定位的展望

IF 26.3 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS Living Reviews in Relativity Pub Date : 2020-09-28 DOI:10.1007/s41114-020-00026-9
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Raab, H. Radkins, N. Radulescu, P. Raffai, S. Raja, C. Rajan, B. Rajbhandari, M. Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, A. Ramos-Buades, Javed Rana, K. Rao, P. Rapagnani, V. Raymond, M. Razzano, J. Read, T. Regimbau, L. Rei, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, W. Ren, F. Ricci, C. J. Richardson, J. W. Richardson, P. M. Ricker, K. Riles, M. Rizzo, N. A. Robertson, R. Robie, F. Robinet, A. Rocchi, L. Rolland, J. G. Rollins, V. J. Roma, M. Romanelli, R. Romano, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, K. Rose, D. Rosińska, S. G. Rosofsky, M. P. Ross, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, P. Ruggi, G. Rutins, K. Ryan, S. Sachdev, T. Sadecki, N. Sago, S. Saito, Y. Saito, K. Sakai, Y. Sakai, H. Sakamoto, M. Sakellariadou, Y. Sakuno, L. Salconi, M. Saleem, A. Samajdar, L. Sammut, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, N. Sanchis-Gual, V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders, K. A. Santiago, N. Sarin, B. Sassolas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, S. Sato, T. Sato, O. Sauter, R. L. Savage, T. Sawada, P. Schale, M. Scheel, J. Scheuer, P. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, A. Schönbeck, E. Schreiber, B. W. Schulte, B. F. Schutz, S. G. Schwalbe, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, E. Seidel, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sekiguchi, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, N. Sennett, D. Sentenac, V. Sequino, A. Sergeev, Y. Setyawati, D. A. Shaddock, T. Shaffer, M. S. Shahriar, M. B. Shaner, L. Shao, P. Sharma, P. Shawhan, H. Shen, S. Shibagaki, R. Shimizu, T. Shimoda, K. Shimode, R. Shink, H. Shinkai, T. Shishido, A. Shoda, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Shoemaker, S. ShyamSundar, K. Siellez, M. Sieniawska, D. Sigg, A. D. Silva, L. P. Singer, N. Singh, A. Singhal, A. M. Sintes, S. Sitmukhambetov, V. Skliris, B. J. J. Slagmolen, T. J. Slaven-Blair, J. R. Smith, R. J. E. Smith, S. Somala, K. Somiya, E. J. Son, B. Sorazu, F. Sorrentino, H. Sotani, T. Souradeep, E. Sowell, A. P. Spencer, A. K. Srivastava, V. Srivastava, K. Staats, C. Stachie, M. Standke, D. A. Steer, M. Steinke, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, D. Steinmeyer, S. P. Stevenson, D. Stocks, R. Stone, D. J. Stops, K. A. Strain, G. Stratta, S. E. Strigin, A. Strunk, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, V. Sudhir, R. Sugimoto, T. Z. Summerscales, L. Sun, S. Sunil, J. Suresh, P. J. Sutton, Takamasa Suzuki, Toshikazu Suzuki, B. L. Swinkels, M. J. Szczepańczyk, M. Tacca, H. Tagoshi, S. C. Tait, H. Takahashi, R. Takahashi, A. Takamori, S. Takano, H. Takeda, M. Takeda, C. Talbot, D. Talukder, H. Tanaka, Kazuyuki Tanaka, Kenta Tanaka, Taiki Tanaka, Takahiro Tanaka, S. Tanioka, D. B. Tanner, M. Tápai, E. N. Tapia San Martin, A. Taracchini, J. D. Tasson, R. Taylor, S. Telada, F. Thies, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, S. R. Thondapu, K. A. Thorne, E. Thrane, Shubhanshu Tiwari, Srishti Tiwari, V. Tiwari, K. Toland, T. Tomaru, Y. Tomigami, T. Tomura, M. Tonelli, Z. Tornasi, A. Torres-Forné, C. I. Torrie, D. Töyrä, F. Travasso, G. Traylor, M. C. Tringali, A. Trovato, L. Trozzo, R. Trudeau, K. W. Tsang, T. T. L. Tsang, M. Tse, R. Tso, K. Tsubono, S. Tsuchida, L. Tsukada, D. Tsuna, T. Tsuzuki, D. Tuyenbayev, N. Uchikata, T. Uchiyama, A. Ueda, T. Uehara, K. Ueno, G. Ueshima, D. Ugolini, C. S. Unnikrishnan, F. Uraguchi, A. L. Urban, T. Ushiba, S. A. Usman, H. Vahlbruch, G. Vajente, G. Valdes, N. van Bakel, M. van Beuzekom, J. F. J. van den Brand, C. Van Den Broeck, D. C. Vander-Hyde, L. van der Schaaf, J. V. van Heijningen, M. H. P. M. van Putten, A. A. van Veggel, M. Vardaro, V. Varma, S. Vass, M. Vasúth, A. Vecchio, G. Vedovato, J. Veitch, P. J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, G. Venugopalan, D. Verkindt, F. Vetrano, A. Viceré, A. D. Viets, D. J. Vine, J.-Y. Vinet, S. Vitale, Francisco Hernandez Vivanco, T. Vo, H. Vocca, C. Vorvick, S. P. Vyatchanin, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Wade, R. Walet, M. Walker, L. Wallace, S. Walsh, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, J. Z. Wang, W. H. Wang, Y. F. Wang, R. L. Ward, Z. A. Warden, J. Warner, M. Was, J. Watchi, B. Weaver, L.-W. Wei, M. Weinert, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, F. Wellmann, L. Wen, E. K. Wessel, P. Weßels, J. W. Westhouse, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, B. F. Whiting, C. Whittle, D. M. Wilken, D. Williams, A. R. Williamson, J. L. Willis, B. Willke, M. H. Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, J. Woehler, J. K. Wofford, J. Worden, J. L. Wright, C. M. Wu, D. S. Wu, H. C. Wu, S. R. Wu, D. M. Wysocki, L. Xiao, W. R. Xu, T. Yamada, H. Yamamoto, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Kohei Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, D. W. Yeeles, K. Yokogawa, J. Yokoyama, T. Yokozawa, T. Yoshioka, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, S. H. R. Yuen, H. Yuzurihara, M. Yvert, A. K. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, S. Zeidler, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Zhao, Y. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, X. J. Zhu, Z. H. Zhu, A. B. Zimmerman, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig, KAGRA Collaboration, LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration
{"title":"先进LIGO、先进Virgo和KAGRA对引力波瞬态观测和定位的展望","authors":"B. P. Abbott,&nbsp;R. Abbott,&nbsp;T. D. Abbott,&nbsp;S. Abraham,&nbsp;F. Acernese,&nbsp;K. Ackley,&nbsp;C. Adams,&nbsp;V. B. Adya,&nbsp;C. Affeldt,&nbsp;M. Agathos,&nbsp;K. Agatsuma,&nbsp;N. Aggarwal,&nbsp;O. D. Aguiar,&nbsp;L. Aiello,&nbsp;A. Ain,&nbsp;P. Ajith,&nbsp;T. Akutsu,&nbsp;G. Allen,&nbsp;A. Allocca,&nbsp;M. A. Aloy,&nbsp;P. A. Altin,&nbsp;A. Amato,&nbsp;A. Ananyeva,&nbsp;S. B. Anderson,&nbsp;W. G. Anderson,&nbsp;M. Ando,&nbsp;S. V. Angelova,&nbsp;S. Antier,&nbsp;S. Appert,&nbsp;K. Arai,&nbsp;Koya Arai,&nbsp;Y. Arai,&nbsp;S. Araki,&nbsp;A. Araya,&nbsp;M. C. Araya,&nbsp;J. S. Areeda,&nbsp;M. Arène,&nbsp;N. Aritomi,&nbsp;N. Arnaud,&nbsp;K. G. Arun,&nbsp;S. Ascenzi,&nbsp;G. Ashton,&nbsp;Y. Aso,&nbsp;S. M. Aston,&nbsp;P. Astone,&nbsp;F. Aubin,&nbsp;P. Aufmuth,&nbsp;K. AultONeal,&nbsp;C. Austin,&nbsp;V. Avendano,&nbsp;A. Avila-Alvarez,&nbsp;S. Babak,&nbsp;P. Bacon,&nbsp;F. Badaracco,&nbsp;M. K. M. Bader,&nbsp;S. W. Bae,&nbsp;Y. B. Bae,&nbsp;L. Baiotti,&nbsp;R. Bajpai,&nbsp;P. T. Baker,&nbsp;F. Baldaccini,&nbsp;G. Ballardin,&nbsp;S. W. Ballmer,&nbsp;S. Banagiri,&nbsp;J. C. Barayoga,&nbsp;S. E. Barclay,&nbsp;B. C. Barish,&nbsp;D. Barker,&nbsp;K. Barkett,&nbsp;S. Barnum,&nbsp;F. Barone,&nbsp;B. Barr,&nbsp;L. Barsotti,&nbsp;M. Barsuglia,&nbsp;D. Barta,&nbsp;J. Bartlett,&nbsp;M. A. Barton,&nbsp;I. Bartos,&nbsp;R. Bassiri,&nbsp;A. Basti,&nbsp;M. Bawaj,&nbsp;J. C. Bayley,&nbsp;M. Bazzan,&nbsp;B. Bécsy,&nbsp;M. Bejger,&nbsp;I. Belahcene,&nbsp;A. S. Bell,&nbsp;D. Beniwal,&nbsp;B. K. Berger,&nbsp;G. Bergmann,&nbsp;S. Bernuzzi,&nbsp;J. J. Bero,&nbsp;C. P. L. Berry,&nbsp;D. Bersanetti,&nbsp;A. Bertolini,&nbsp;J. Betzwieser,&nbsp;R. Bhandare,&nbsp;J. Bidler,&nbsp;I. A. Bilenko,&nbsp;S. A. Bilgili,&nbsp;G. Billingsley,&nbsp;J. Birch,&nbsp;R. Birney,&nbsp;O. Birnholtz,&nbsp;S. Biscans,&nbsp;S. Biscoveanu,&nbsp;A. Bisht,&nbsp;M. Bitossi,&nbsp;M. A. Bizouard,&nbsp;J. K. Blackburn,&nbsp;C. D. Blair,&nbsp;D. G. Blair,&nbsp;R. M. Blair,&nbsp;S. Bloemen,&nbsp;N. Bode,&nbsp;M. Boer,&nbsp;Y. Boetzel,&nbsp;G. Bogaert,&nbsp;F. Bondu,&nbsp;E. Bonilla,&nbsp;R. Bonnand,&nbsp;P. Booker,&nbsp;B. A. Boom,&nbsp;C. D. Booth,&nbsp;R. Bork,&nbsp;V. Boschi,&nbsp;S. Bose,&nbsp;K. Bossie,&nbsp;V. Bossilkov,&nbsp;J. Bosveld,&nbsp;Y. Bouffanais,&nbsp;A. Bozzi,&nbsp;C. Bradaschia,&nbsp;P. R. Brady,&nbsp;A. Bramley,&nbsp;M. Branchesi,&nbsp;J. E. Brau,&nbsp;T. Briant,&nbsp;J. H. Briggs,&nbsp;F. Brighenti,&nbsp;A. Brillet,&nbsp;M. Brinkmann,&nbsp;V. Brisson,&nbsp;P. Brockill,&nbsp;A. F. Brooks,&nbsp;D. A. Brown,&nbsp;D. D. Brown,&nbsp;S. Brunett,&nbsp;A. Buikema,&nbsp;T. Bulik,&nbsp;H. J. Bulten,&nbsp;A. Buonanno,&nbsp;D. Buskulic,&nbsp;C. Buy,&nbsp;R. L. Byer,&nbsp;M. Cabero,&nbsp;L. Cadonati,&nbsp;G. Cagnoli,&nbsp;C. Cahillane,&nbsp;J. Calderón Bustillo,&nbsp;T. A. Callister,&nbsp;E. Calloni,&nbsp;J. B. Camp,&nbsp;W. A. Campbell,&nbsp;M. Canepa,&nbsp;K. Cannon,&nbsp;K. C. Cannon,&nbsp;H. Cao,&nbsp;J. Cao,&nbsp;E. Capocasa,&nbsp;F. Carbognani,&nbsp;S. Caride,&nbsp;M. F. Carney,&nbsp;G. Carullo,&nbsp;J. Casanueva Diaz,&nbsp;C. Casentini,&nbsp;S. Caudill,&nbsp;M. Cavaglià,&nbsp;F. Cavalier,&nbsp;R. Cavalieri,&nbsp;G. Cella,&nbsp;P. Cerdá-Durán,&nbsp;G. Cerretani,&nbsp;E. Cesarini,&nbsp;O. Chaibi,&nbsp;K. Chakravarti,&nbsp;S. J. Chamberlin,&nbsp;M. Chan,&nbsp;M. L. Chan,&nbsp;S. Chao,&nbsp;P. Charlton,&nbsp;E. A. Chase,&nbsp;E. Chassande-Mottin,&nbsp;D. Chatterjee,&nbsp;M. Chaturvedi,&nbsp;K. Chatziioannou,&nbsp;B. D. Cheeseboro,&nbsp;C. S. Chen,&nbsp;H. Y. Chen,&nbsp;K. H. Chen,&nbsp;X. Chen,&nbsp;Y. Chen,&nbsp;Y. R. Chen,&nbsp;H.-P. Cheng,&nbsp;C. K. Cheong,&nbsp;H. Y. Chia,&nbsp;A. Chincarini,&nbsp;A. Chiummo,&nbsp;G. Cho,&nbsp;H. S. Cho,&nbsp;M. Cho,&nbsp;N. Christensen,&nbsp;H. Y. Chu,&nbsp;Q. Chu,&nbsp;Y. K. Chu,&nbsp;S. Chua,&nbsp;K. W. Chung,&nbsp;S. Chung,&nbsp;G. Ciani,&nbsp;A. A. Ciobanu,&nbsp;R. Ciolfi,&nbsp;F. Cipriano,&nbsp;A. Cirone,&nbsp;F. Clara,&nbsp;J. A. Clark,&nbsp;P. Clearwater,&nbsp;F. Cleva,&nbsp;C. Cocchieri,&nbsp;E. Coccia,&nbsp;P.-F. Cohadon,&nbsp;D. Cohen,&nbsp;R. Colgan,&nbsp;M. Colleoni,&nbsp;C. G. Collette,&nbsp;C. Collins,&nbsp;L. R. Cominsky,&nbsp;M. Constancio Jr.,&nbsp;L. Conti,&nbsp;S. J. Cooper,&nbsp;P. Corban,&nbsp;T. R. Corbitt,&nbsp;I. Cordero-Carrión,&nbsp;K. R. Corley,&nbsp;N. Cornish,&nbsp;A. Corsi,&nbsp;S. Cortese,&nbsp;C. A. Costa,&nbsp;R. Cotesta,&nbsp;M. W. Coughlin,&nbsp;S. B. Coughlin,&nbsp;J.-P. Coulon,&nbsp;S. T. Countryman,&nbsp;P. Couvares,&nbsp;P. B. Covas,&nbsp;E. E. Cowan,&nbsp;D. M. Coward,&nbsp;M. J. Cowart,&nbsp;D. C. Coyne,&nbsp;R. Coyne,&nbsp;J. D. E. Creighton,&nbsp;T. D. Creighton,&nbsp;J. Cripe,&nbsp;M. Croquette,&nbsp;S. G. Crowder,&nbsp;T. J. Cullen,&nbsp;A. Cumming,&nbsp;L. Cunningham,&nbsp;E. Cuoco,&nbsp;T. Dal Canton,&nbsp;G. Dálya,&nbsp;S. L. Danilishin,&nbsp;S. D’Antonio,&nbsp;K. Danzmann,&nbsp;A. Dasgupta,&nbsp;C. F. Da Silva Costa,&nbsp;L. E. H. Datrier,&nbsp;V. Dattilo,&nbsp;I. Dave,&nbsp;M. Davier,&nbsp;D. Davis,&nbsp;E. J. Daw,&nbsp;D. DeBra,&nbsp;M. Deenadayalan,&nbsp;J. Degallaix,&nbsp;M. De Laurentis,&nbsp;S. Deléglise,&nbsp;W. Del Pozzo,&nbsp;L. M. DeMarchi,&nbsp;N. Demos,&nbsp;T. Dent,&nbsp;R. De Pietri,&nbsp;J. Derby,&nbsp;R. De Rosa,&nbsp;C. De Rossi,&nbsp;R. DeSalvo,&nbsp;O. de Varona,&nbsp;S. Dhurandhar,&nbsp;M. C. Díaz,&nbsp;T. Dietrich,&nbsp;L. Di Fiore,&nbsp;M. Di Giovanni,&nbsp;T. Di Girolamo,&nbsp;A. Di Lieto,&nbsp;B. Ding,&nbsp;S. Di Pace,&nbsp;I. Di Palma,&nbsp;F. Di Renzo,&nbsp;A. Dmitriev,&nbsp;Z. Doctor,&nbsp;K. Doi,&nbsp;F. Donovan,&nbsp;K. L. Dooley,&nbsp;S. Doravari,&nbsp;I. Dorrington,&nbsp;T. P. Downes,&nbsp;M. Drago,&nbsp;J. C. Driggers,&nbsp;Z. Du,&nbsp;J.-G. Ducoin,&nbsp;P. Dupej,&nbsp;S. E. Dwyer,&nbsp;P. J. Easter,&nbsp;T. B. Edo,&nbsp;M. C. Edwards,&nbsp;A. Effler,&nbsp;S. Eguchi,&nbsp;P. Ehrens,&nbsp;J. Eichholz,&nbsp;S. S. Eikenberry,&nbsp;M. Eisenmann,&nbsp;R. A. Eisenstein,&nbsp;Y. Enomoto,&nbsp;R. C. Essick,&nbsp;H. Estelles,&nbsp;D. Estevez,&nbsp;Z. B. Etienne,&nbsp;T. Etzel,&nbsp;M. Evans,&nbsp;T. M. Evans,&nbsp;V. Fafone,&nbsp;H. Fair,&nbsp;S. Fairhurst,&nbsp;X. Fan,&nbsp;S. Farinon,&nbsp;B. Farr,&nbsp;W. M. Farr,&nbsp;E. J. Fauchon-Jones,&nbsp;M. Favata,&nbsp;M. Fays,&nbsp;M. Fazio,&nbsp;C. Fee,&nbsp;J. Feicht,&nbsp;M. M. Fejer,&nbsp;F. Feng,&nbsp;A. Fernandez-Galiana,&nbsp;I. Ferrante,&nbsp;E. C. Ferreira,&nbsp;T. A. Ferreira,&nbsp;F. Ferrini,&nbsp;F. Fidecaro,&nbsp;I. Fiori,&nbsp;D. Fiorucci,&nbsp;M. Fishbach,&nbsp;R. P. Fisher,&nbsp;J. M. Fishner,&nbsp;M. Fitz-Axen,&nbsp;R. Flaminio,&nbsp;M. Fletcher,&nbsp;E. Flynn,&nbsp;H. Fong,&nbsp;J. A. Font,&nbsp;P. W. F. Forsyth,&nbsp;J.-D. Fournier,&nbsp;S. Frasca,&nbsp;F. Frasconi,&nbsp;Z. Frei,&nbsp;A. Freise,&nbsp;R. Frey,&nbsp;V. Frey,&nbsp;P. Fritschel,&nbsp;V. V. Frolov,&nbsp;Y. Fujii,&nbsp;M. Fukunaga,&nbsp;M. Fukushima,&nbsp;P. Fulda,&nbsp;M. Fyffe,&nbsp;H. A. Gabbard,&nbsp;B. U. Gadre,&nbsp;S. M. Gaebel,&nbsp;J. R. Gair,&nbsp;L. Gammaitoni,&nbsp;M. R. Ganija,&nbsp;S. G. Gaonkar,&nbsp;A. Garcia,&nbsp;C. García-Quirós,&nbsp;F. Garufi,&nbsp;B. Gateley,&nbsp;S. Gaudio,&nbsp;G. Gaur,&nbsp;V. Gayathri,&nbsp;G. G. Ge,&nbsp;G. Gemme,&nbsp;E. Genin,&nbsp;A. Gennai,&nbsp;D. George,&nbsp;J. George,&nbsp;L. Gergely,&nbsp;V. Germain,&nbsp;S. Ghonge,&nbsp;Abhirup Ghosh,&nbsp;Archisman Ghosh,&nbsp;S. Ghosh,&nbsp;B. Giacomazzo,&nbsp;J. A. Giaime,&nbsp;K. D. Giardina,&nbsp;A. Giazotto,&nbsp;K. Gill,&nbsp;G. Giordano,&nbsp;L. Glover,&nbsp;P. Godwin,&nbsp;E. Goetz,&nbsp;R. Goetz,&nbsp;B. Goncharov,&nbsp;G. González,&nbsp;J. M. Gonzalez Castro,&nbsp;A. Gopakumar,&nbsp;M. L. Gorodetsky,&nbsp;S. E. Gossan,&nbsp;M. Gosselin,&nbsp;R. Gouaty,&nbsp;A. Grado,&nbsp;C. Graef,&nbsp;M. Granata,&nbsp;A. Grant,&nbsp;S. Gras,&nbsp;P. Grassia,&nbsp;C. Gray,&nbsp;R. Gray,&nbsp;G. Greco,&nbsp;A. C. Green,&nbsp;R. Green,&nbsp;E. M. Gretarsson,&nbsp;P. Groot,&nbsp;H. Grote,&nbsp;S. Grunewald,&nbsp;P. Gruning,&nbsp;G. M. Guidi,&nbsp;H. K. Gulati,&nbsp;Y. Guo,&nbsp;A. Gupta,&nbsp;M. K. Gupta,&nbsp;E. K. Gustafson,&nbsp;R. Gustafson,&nbsp;L. Haegel,&nbsp;A. Hagiwara,&nbsp;S. Haino,&nbsp;O. Halim,&nbsp;B. R. Hall,&nbsp;E. D. Hall,&nbsp;E. Z. Hamilton,&nbsp;G. Hammond,&nbsp;M. Haney,&nbsp;M. M. Hanke,&nbsp;J. Hanks,&nbsp;C. Hanna,&nbsp;M. D. Hannam,&nbsp;O. A. Hannuksela,&nbsp;J. Hanson,&nbsp;T. Hardwick,&nbsp;K. Haris,&nbsp;J. Harms,&nbsp;G. M. Harry,&nbsp;I. W. Harry,&nbsp;K. Hasegawa,&nbsp;C.-J. Haster,&nbsp;K. Haughian,&nbsp;H. Hayakawa,&nbsp;K. Hayama,&nbsp;F. J. Hayes,&nbsp;J. Healy,&nbsp;A. Heidmann,&nbsp;M. C. Heintze,&nbsp;H. Heitmann,&nbsp;P. Hello,&nbsp;G. Hemming,&nbsp;M. Hendry,&nbsp;I. S. Heng,&nbsp;J. Hennig,&nbsp;A. W. Heptonstall,&nbsp;M. Heurs,&nbsp;S. Hild,&nbsp;Y. Himemoto,&nbsp;T. Hinderer,&nbsp;Y. Hiranuma,&nbsp;N. Hirata,&nbsp;E. Hirose,&nbsp;D. Hoak,&nbsp;S. Hochheim,&nbsp;D. Hofman,&nbsp;A. M. Holgado,&nbsp;N. A. Holland,&nbsp;K. Holt,&nbsp;D. E. Holz,&nbsp;Z. Hong,&nbsp;P. Hopkins,&nbsp;C. Horst,&nbsp;J. Hough,&nbsp;E. J. Howell,&nbsp;C. G. Hoy,&nbsp;A. Hreibi,&nbsp;B. H. Hsieh,&nbsp;G. Z. Huang,&nbsp;P. W. Huang,&nbsp;Y. J. Huang,&nbsp;E. A. Huerta,&nbsp;D. Huet,&nbsp;B. Hughey,&nbsp;M. Hulko,&nbsp;S. Husa,&nbsp;S. H. Huttner,&nbsp;T. Huynh-Dinh,&nbsp;B. Idzkowski,&nbsp;A. Iess,&nbsp;B. Ikenoue,&nbsp;S. Imam,&nbsp;K. Inayoshi,&nbsp;C. Ingram,&nbsp;Y. Inoue,&nbsp;R. Inta,&nbsp;G. Intini,&nbsp;K. Ioka,&nbsp;B. Irwin,&nbsp;H. N. Isa,&nbsp;J.-M. Isac,&nbsp;M. Isi,&nbsp;Y. Itoh,&nbsp;B. R. Iyer,&nbsp;K. Izumi,&nbsp;T. Jacqmin,&nbsp;S. J. Jadhav,&nbsp;K. Jani,&nbsp;N. N. Janthalur,&nbsp;P. Jaranowski,&nbsp;A. C. Jenkins,&nbsp;J. Jiang,&nbsp;D. S. Johnson,&nbsp;A. W. Jones,&nbsp;D. I. Jones,&nbsp;R. Jones,&nbsp;R. J. G. Jonker,&nbsp;L. Ju,&nbsp;K. Jung,&nbsp;P. Jung,&nbsp;J. Junker,&nbsp;T. Kajita,&nbsp;C. V. Kalaghatgi,&nbsp;V. Kalogera,&nbsp;B. Kamai,&nbsp;M. Kamiizumi,&nbsp;N. Kanda,&nbsp;S. Kandhasamy,&nbsp;G. W. Kang,&nbsp;J. B. Kanner,&nbsp;S. J. Kapadia,&nbsp;S. Karki,&nbsp;K. S. Karvinen,&nbsp;R. Kashyap,&nbsp;M. Kasprzack,&nbsp;S. Katsanevas,&nbsp;E. Katsavounidis,&nbsp;W. Katzman,&nbsp;S. Kaufer,&nbsp;K. Kawabe,&nbsp;K. Kawaguchi,&nbsp;N. Kawai,&nbsp;T. Kawasaki,&nbsp;N. V. Keerthana,&nbsp;F. Kéfélian,&nbsp;D. Keitel,&nbsp;R. Kennedy,&nbsp;J. S. Key,&nbsp;F. Y. Khalili,&nbsp;H. Khan,&nbsp;I. Khan,&nbsp;S. Khan,&nbsp;Z. Khan,&nbsp;E. A. Khazanov,&nbsp;M. Khursheed,&nbsp;N. Kijbunchoo,&nbsp;Chunglee Kim,&nbsp;C. Kim,&nbsp;J. C. Kim,&nbsp;J. Kim,&nbsp;K. Kim,&nbsp;W. Kim,&nbsp;W. S. Kim,&nbsp;Y.-M. Kim,&nbsp;C. Kimball,&nbsp;N. Kimura,&nbsp;E. J. King,&nbsp;P. J. King,&nbsp;M. Kinley-Hanlon,&nbsp;R. Kirchhoff,&nbsp;J. S. Kissel,&nbsp;N. Kita,&nbsp;H. Kitazawa,&nbsp;L. Kleybolte,&nbsp;J. H. Klika,&nbsp;S. Klimenko,&nbsp;T. D. Knowles,&nbsp;E. Knyazev,&nbsp;P. Koch,&nbsp;S. M. Koehlenbeck,&nbsp;G. Koekoek,&nbsp;Y. Kojima,&nbsp;K. Kokeyama,&nbsp;S. Koley,&nbsp;K. Komori,&nbsp;V. Kondrashov,&nbsp;A. K. H. Kong,&nbsp;A. Kontos,&nbsp;N. Koper,&nbsp;M. Korobko,&nbsp;W. Z. Korth,&nbsp;K. Kotake,&nbsp;I. Kowalska,&nbsp;D. B. Kozak,&nbsp;C. Kozakai,&nbsp;R. Kozu,&nbsp;V. Kringel,&nbsp;N. Krishnendu,&nbsp;A. Królak,&nbsp;G. Kuehn,&nbsp;A. Kumar,&nbsp;P. Kumar,&nbsp;Rahul Kumar,&nbsp;R. Kumar,&nbsp;S. Kumar,&nbsp;J. Kume,&nbsp;C. M. Kuo,&nbsp;H. S. Kuo,&nbsp;L. Kuo,&nbsp;S. Kuroyanagi,&nbsp;K. Kusayanagi,&nbsp;A. Kutynia,&nbsp;K. Kwak,&nbsp;S. Kwang,&nbsp;B. D. Lackey,&nbsp;K. H. Lai,&nbsp;T. L. Lam,&nbsp;M. Landry,&nbsp;B. B. Lane,&nbsp;R. N. Lang,&nbsp;J. Lange,&nbsp;B. Lantz,&nbsp;R. K. Lanza,&nbsp;A. Lartaux-Vollard,&nbsp;P. D. Lasky,&nbsp;M. Laxen,&nbsp;A. Lazzarini,&nbsp;C. Lazzaro,&nbsp;P. Leaci,&nbsp;S. Leavey,&nbsp;Y. K. Lecoeuche,&nbsp;C. H. Lee,&nbsp;H. K. Lee,&nbsp;H. M. Lee,&nbsp;H. W. Lee,&nbsp;J. Lee,&nbsp;K. Lee,&nbsp;R. K. Lee,&nbsp;J. Lehmann,&nbsp;A. Lenon,&nbsp;M. Leonardi,&nbsp;N. Leroy,&nbsp;N. Letendre,&nbsp;Y. Levin,&nbsp;J. Li,&nbsp;K. J. L. Li,&nbsp;T. G. F. Li,&nbsp;X. Li,&nbsp;C. Y. Lin,&nbsp;F. Lin,&nbsp;F. L. Lin,&nbsp;L. C. C. Lin,&nbsp;F. Linde,&nbsp;S. D. Linker,&nbsp;T. B. Littenberg,&nbsp;G. C. Liu,&nbsp;J. Liu,&nbsp;X. Liu,&nbsp;R. K. L. Lo,&nbsp;N. A. Lockerbie,&nbsp;L. T. London,&nbsp;A. Longo,&nbsp;M. Lorenzini,&nbsp;V. Loriette,&nbsp;M. Lormand,&nbsp;G. Losurdo,&nbsp;J. D. Lough,&nbsp;C. O. Lousto,&nbsp;G. Lovelace,&nbsp;M. E. Lower,&nbsp;H. Lück,&nbsp;D. Lumaca,&nbsp;A. P. Lundgren,&nbsp;L. W. Luo,&nbsp;R. Lynch,&nbsp;Y. Ma,&nbsp;R. Macas,&nbsp;S. Macfoy,&nbsp;M. MacInnis,&nbsp;D. M. Macleod,&nbsp;A. Macquet,&nbsp;F. Magaña-Sandoval,&nbsp;L. Magaña Zertuche,&nbsp;R. M. Magee,&nbsp;E. Majorana,&nbsp;I. Maksimovic,&nbsp;A. Malik,&nbsp;N. Man,&nbsp;V. Mandic,&nbsp;V. Mangano,&nbsp;G. L. Mansell,&nbsp;M. Manske,&nbsp;M. Mantovani,&nbsp;F. Marchesoni,&nbsp;M. Marchio,&nbsp;F. Marion,&nbsp;S. Márka,&nbsp;Z. Márka,&nbsp;C. Markakis,&nbsp;A. S. Markosyan,&nbsp;A. Markowitz,&nbsp;E. Maros,&nbsp;A. Marquina,&nbsp;S. Marsat,&nbsp;F. Martelli,&nbsp;I. W. Martin,&nbsp;R. M. Martin,&nbsp;D. V. Martynov,&nbsp;K. Mason,&nbsp;E. Massera,&nbsp;A. Masserot,&nbsp;T. J. Massinger,&nbsp;M. Masso-Reid,&nbsp;S. Mastrogiovanni,&nbsp;A. Matas,&nbsp;F. Matichard,&nbsp;L. Matone,&nbsp;N. Mavalvala,&nbsp;N. Mazumder,&nbsp;J. J. McCann,&nbsp;R. McCarthy,&nbsp;D. E. McClelland,&nbsp;S. McCormick,&nbsp;L. McCuller,&nbsp;S. C. McGuire,&nbsp;J. McIver,&nbsp;D. J. McManus,&nbsp;T. McRae,&nbsp;S. T. McWilliams,&nbsp;D. Meacher,&nbsp;G. D. Meadors,&nbsp;M. Mehmet,&nbsp;A. K. Mehta,&nbsp;J. Meidam,&nbsp;A. Melatos,&nbsp;G. Mendell,&nbsp;R. A. Mercer,&nbsp;L. Mereni,&nbsp;E. L. Merilh,&nbsp;M. Merzougui,&nbsp;S. Meshkov,&nbsp;C. Messenger,&nbsp;C. Messick,&nbsp;R. Metzdorff,&nbsp;P. M. Meyers,&nbsp;H. Miao,&nbsp;C. Michel,&nbsp;Y. Michimura,&nbsp;H. Middleton,&nbsp;E. E. Mikhailov,&nbsp;L. Milano,&nbsp;A. L. Miller,&nbsp;A. Miller,&nbsp;M. Millhouse,&nbsp;J. C. Mills,&nbsp;M. C. Milovich-Goff,&nbsp;O. Minazzoli,&nbsp;Y. Minenkov,&nbsp;N. Mio,&nbsp;A. Mishkin,&nbsp;C. Mishra,&nbsp;T. Mistry,&nbsp;S. Mitra,&nbsp;V. P. Mitrofanov,&nbsp;G. Mitselmakher,&nbsp;R. Mittleman,&nbsp;O. Miyakawa,&nbsp;A. Miyamoto,&nbsp;Y. Miyazaki,&nbsp;K. Miyo,&nbsp;S. Miyoki,&nbsp;G. Mo,&nbsp;D. Moffa,&nbsp;K. Mogushi,&nbsp;S. R. P. Mohapatra,&nbsp;M. Montani,&nbsp;C. J. Moore,&nbsp;D. Moraru,&nbsp;G. Moreno,&nbsp;S. Morisaki,&nbsp;Y. Moriwaki,&nbsp;B. Mours,&nbsp;C. M. Mow-Lowry,&nbsp;Arunava Mukherjee,&nbsp;D. Mukherjee,&nbsp;S. Mukherjee,&nbsp;N. Mukund,&nbsp;A. Mullavey,&nbsp;J. Munch,&nbsp;E. A. Muñiz,&nbsp;M. Muratore,&nbsp;P. G. Murray,&nbsp;K. Nagano,&nbsp;S. Nagano,&nbsp;A. Nagar,&nbsp;K. Nakamura,&nbsp;H. Nakano,&nbsp;M. Nakano,&nbsp;R. Nakashima,&nbsp;I. Nardecchia,&nbsp;T. Narikawa,&nbsp;L. Naticchioni,&nbsp;R. K. Nayak,&nbsp;R. Negishi,&nbsp;J. Neilson,&nbsp;G. Nelemans,&nbsp;T. J. N. Nelson,&nbsp;M. Nery,&nbsp;A. Neunzert,&nbsp;K. Y. Ng,&nbsp;S. Ng,&nbsp;P. Nguyen,&nbsp;W. T. Ni,&nbsp;D. Nichols,&nbsp;A. Nishizawa,&nbsp;S. Nissanke,&nbsp;F. Nocera,&nbsp;C. North,&nbsp;L. K. Nuttall,&nbsp;M. Obergaulinger,&nbsp;J. Oberling,&nbsp;B. D. O’Brien,&nbsp;Y. Obuchi,&nbsp;G. D. O’Dea,&nbsp;W. Ogaki,&nbsp;G. H. Ogin,&nbsp;J. J. Oh,&nbsp;S. H. Oh,&nbsp;M. Ohashi,&nbsp;N. Ohishi,&nbsp;M. Ohkawa,&nbsp;F. Ohme,&nbsp;H. Ohta,&nbsp;M. A. Okada,&nbsp;K. Okutomi,&nbsp;M. Oliver,&nbsp;K. Oohara,&nbsp;C. P. Ooi,&nbsp;P. Oppermann,&nbsp;Richard J. Oram,&nbsp;B. O’Reilly,&nbsp;R. G. Ormiston,&nbsp;L. F. Ortega,&nbsp;R. O’Shaughnessy,&nbsp;S. Oshino,&nbsp;S. Ossokine,&nbsp;D. J. Ottaway,&nbsp;H. Overmier,&nbsp;B. J. Owen,&nbsp;A. E. Pace,&nbsp;G. Pagano,&nbsp;M. A. Page,&nbsp;A. Pai,&nbsp;S. A. Pai,&nbsp;J. R. Palamos,&nbsp;O. Palashov,&nbsp;C. Palomba,&nbsp;A. Pal-Singh,&nbsp;Huang-Wei Pan,&nbsp;K. C. Pan,&nbsp;B. Pang,&nbsp;H. F. Pang,&nbsp;P. T. H. Pang,&nbsp;C. Pankow,&nbsp;F. Pannarale,&nbsp;B. C. Pant,&nbsp;F. Paoletti,&nbsp;A. Paoli,&nbsp;M. A. Papa,&nbsp;A. Parida,&nbsp;J. Park,&nbsp;W. Parker,&nbsp;D. Pascucci,&nbsp;A. Pasqualetti,&nbsp;R. Passaquieti,&nbsp;D. Passuello,&nbsp;M. Patil,&nbsp;B. Patricelli,&nbsp;B. L. Pearlstone,&nbsp;C. Pedersen,&nbsp;M. Pedraza,&nbsp;R. Pedurand,&nbsp;A. Pele,&nbsp;F. E. Peña Arellano,&nbsp;S. Penn,&nbsp;C. J. Perez,&nbsp;A. Perreca,&nbsp;H. P. Pfeiffer,&nbsp;M. Phelps,&nbsp;K. S. Phukon,&nbsp;O. J. Piccinni,&nbsp;M. Pichot,&nbsp;F. Piergiovanni,&nbsp;G. Pillant,&nbsp;L. Pinard,&nbsp;I. Pinto,&nbsp;M. Pirello,&nbsp;M. Pitkin,&nbsp;R. Poggiani,&nbsp;D. Y. T. Pong,&nbsp;S. Ponrathnam,&nbsp;P. Popolizio,&nbsp;E. K. Porter,&nbsp;J. Powell,&nbsp;A. K. Prajapati,&nbsp;J. Prasad,&nbsp;K. Prasai,&nbsp;R. Prasanna,&nbsp;G. Pratten,&nbsp;T. Prestegard,&nbsp;S. Privitera,&nbsp;G. A. Prodi,&nbsp;L. G. Prokhorov,&nbsp;O. Puncken,&nbsp;M. Punturo,&nbsp;P. Puppo,&nbsp;M. Pürrer,&nbsp;H. Qi,&nbsp;V. Quetschke,&nbsp;P. J. Quinonez,&nbsp;E. A. Quintero,&nbsp;R. Quitzow-James,&nbsp;F. J. Raab,&nbsp;H. Radkins,&nbsp;N. Radulescu,&nbsp;P. Raffai,&nbsp;S. Raja,&nbsp;C. Rajan,&nbsp;B. Rajbhandari,&nbsp;M. Rakhmanov,&nbsp;K. E. Ramirez,&nbsp;A. Ramos-Buades,&nbsp;Javed Rana,&nbsp;K. Rao,&nbsp;P. Rapagnani,&nbsp;V. Raymond,&nbsp;M. Razzano,&nbsp;J. Read,&nbsp;T. Regimbau,&nbsp;L. Rei,&nbsp;S. Reid,&nbsp;D. H. Reitze,&nbsp;W. Ren,&nbsp;F. Ricci,&nbsp;C. J. Richardson,&nbsp;J. W. Richardson,&nbsp;P. M. Ricker,&nbsp;K. Riles,&nbsp;M. Rizzo,&nbsp;N. A. Robertson,&nbsp;R. Robie,&nbsp;F. Robinet,&nbsp;A. Rocchi,&nbsp;L. Rolland,&nbsp;J. G. Rollins,&nbsp;V. J. Roma,&nbsp;M. Romanelli,&nbsp;R. Romano,&nbsp;C. L. Romel,&nbsp;J. H. Romie,&nbsp;K. Rose,&nbsp;D. Rosińska,&nbsp;S. G. Rosofsky,&nbsp;M. P. Ross,&nbsp;S. Rowan,&nbsp;A. Rüdiger,&nbsp;P. Ruggi,&nbsp;G. Rutins,&nbsp;K. Ryan,&nbsp;S. Sachdev,&nbsp;T. Sadecki,&nbsp;N. Sago,&nbsp;S. Saito,&nbsp;Y. Saito,&nbsp;K. Sakai,&nbsp;Y. Sakai,&nbsp;H. Sakamoto,&nbsp;M. Sakellariadou,&nbsp;Y. Sakuno,&nbsp;L. Salconi,&nbsp;M. Saleem,&nbsp;A. Samajdar,&nbsp;L. Sammut,&nbsp;E. J. Sanchez,&nbsp;L. E. Sanchez,&nbsp;N. Sanchis-Gual,&nbsp;V. Sandberg,&nbsp;J. R. Sanders,&nbsp;K. A. Santiago,&nbsp;N. Sarin,&nbsp;B. Sassolas,&nbsp;B. S. Sathyaprakash,&nbsp;S. Sato,&nbsp;T. Sato,&nbsp;O. Sauter,&nbsp;R. L. Savage,&nbsp;T. Sawada,&nbsp;P. Schale,&nbsp;M. Scheel,&nbsp;J. Scheuer,&nbsp;P. Schmidt,&nbsp;R. Schnabel,&nbsp;R. M. S. Schofield,&nbsp;A. Schönbeck,&nbsp;E. Schreiber,&nbsp;B. W. Schulte,&nbsp;B. F. Schutz,&nbsp;S. G. Schwalbe,&nbsp;J. Scott,&nbsp;S. M. Scott,&nbsp;E. Seidel,&nbsp;T. Sekiguchi,&nbsp;Y. Sekiguchi,&nbsp;D. Sellers,&nbsp;A. S. Sengupta,&nbsp;N. Sennett,&nbsp;D. Sentenac,&nbsp;V. Sequino,&nbsp;A. Sergeev,&nbsp;Y. Setyawati,&nbsp;D. A. Shaddock,&nbsp;T. Shaffer,&nbsp;M. S. Shahriar,&nbsp;M. B. Shaner,&nbsp;L. Shao,&nbsp;P. Sharma,&nbsp;P. Shawhan,&nbsp;H. Shen,&nbsp;S. Shibagaki,&nbsp;R. Shimizu,&nbsp;T. Shimoda,&nbsp;K. Shimode,&nbsp;R. Shink,&nbsp;H. Shinkai,&nbsp;T. Shishido,&nbsp;A. Shoda,&nbsp;D. H. Shoemaker,&nbsp;D. M. Shoemaker,&nbsp;S. ShyamSundar,&nbsp;K. Siellez,&nbsp;M. Sieniawska,&nbsp;D. Sigg,&nbsp;A. D. Silva,&nbsp;L. P. Singer,&nbsp;N. Singh,&nbsp;A. Singhal,&nbsp;A. M. Sintes,&nbsp;S. Sitmukhambetov,&nbsp;V. Skliris,&nbsp;B. J. J. Slagmolen,&nbsp;T. J. Slaven-Blair,&nbsp;J. R. Smith,&nbsp;R. J. E. Smith,&nbsp;S. Somala,&nbsp;K. Somiya,&nbsp;E. J. Son,&nbsp;B. Sorazu,&nbsp;F. Sorrentino,&nbsp;H. Sotani,&nbsp;T. Souradeep,&nbsp;E. Sowell,&nbsp;A. P. Spencer,&nbsp;A. K. Srivastava,&nbsp;V. Srivastava,&nbsp;K. Staats,&nbsp;C. Stachie,&nbsp;M. Standke,&nbsp;D. A. Steer,&nbsp;M. Steinke,&nbsp;J. Steinlechner,&nbsp;S. Steinlechner,&nbsp;D. Steinmeyer,&nbsp;S. P. Stevenson,&nbsp;D. Stocks,&nbsp;R. Stone,&nbsp;D. J. Stops,&nbsp;K. A. Strain,&nbsp;G. Stratta,&nbsp;S. E. Strigin,&nbsp;A. Strunk,&nbsp;R. Sturani,&nbsp;A. L. Stuver,&nbsp;V. Sudhir,&nbsp;R. Sugimoto,&nbsp;T. Z. Summerscales,&nbsp;L. Sun,&nbsp;S. Sunil,&nbsp;J. Suresh,&nbsp;P. J. Sutton,&nbsp;Takamasa Suzuki,&nbsp;Toshikazu Suzuki,&nbsp;B. L. Swinkels,&nbsp;M. J. Szczepańczyk,&nbsp;M. Tacca,&nbsp;H. Tagoshi,&nbsp;S. C. Tait,&nbsp;H. Takahashi,&nbsp;R. Takahashi,&nbsp;A. Takamori,&nbsp;S. Takano,&nbsp;H. Takeda,&nbsp;M. Takeda,&nbsp;C. Talbot,&nbsp;D. Talukder,&nbsp;H. Tanaka,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Tanaka,&nbsp;Kenta Tanaka,&nbsp;Taiki Tanaka,&nbsp;Takahiro Tanaka,&nbsp;S. Tanioka,&nbsp;D. B. Tanner,&nbsp;M. Tápai,&nbsp;E. N. Tapia San Martin,&nbsp;A. Taracchini,&nbsp;J. D. Tasson,&nbsp;R. Taylor,&nbsp;S. Telada,&nbsp;F. Thies,&nbsp;M. Thomas,&nbsp;P. Thomas,&nbsp;S. R. Thondapu,&nbsp;K. A. Thorne,&nbsp;E. Thrane,&nbsp;Shubhanshu Tiwari,&nbsp;Srishti Tiwari,&nbsp;V. Tiwari,&nbsp;K. Toland,&nbsp;T. Tomaru,&nbsp;Y. Tomigami,&nbsp;T. Tomura,&nbsp;M. Tonelli,&nbsp;Z. Tornasi,&nbsp;A. Torres-Forné,&nbsp;C. I. Torrie,&nbsp;D. Töyrä,&nbsp;F. Travasso,&nbsp;G. Traylor,&nbsp;M. C. Tringali,&nbsp;A. Trovato,&nbsp;L. Trozzo,&nbsp;R. Trudeau,&nbsp;K. W. Tsang,&nbsp;T. T. L. Tsang,&nbsp;M. Tse,&nbsp;R. Tso,&nbsp;K. Tsubono,&nbsp;S. Tsuchida,&nbsp;L. Tsukada,&nbsp;D. Tsuna,&nbsp;T. Tsuzuki,&nbsp;D. Tuyenbayev,&nbsp;N. Uchikata,&nbsp;T. Uchiyama,&nbsp;A. Ueda,&nbsp;T. Uehara,&nbsp;K. Ueno,&nbsp;G. Ueshima,&nbsp;D. Ugolini,&nbsp;C. S. Unnikrishnan,&nbsp;F. Uraguchi,&nbsp;A. L. Urban,&nbsp;T. Ushiba,&nbsp;S. A. Usman,&nbsp;H. Vahlbruch,&nbsp;G. Vajente,&nbsp;G. Valdes,&nbsp;N. van Bakel,&nbsp;M. van Beuzekom,&nbsp;J. F. J. van den Brand,&nbsp;C. Van Den Broeck,&nbsp;D. C. Vander-Hyde,&nbsp;L. van der Schaaf,&nbsp;J. V. van Heijningen,&nbsp;M. H. P. M. van Putten,&nbsp;A. A. van Veggel,&nbsp;M. Vardaro,&nbsp;V. Varma,&nbsp;S. Vass,&nbsp;M. Vasúth,&nbsp;A. Vecchio,&nbsp;G. Vedovato,&nbsp;J. Veitch,&nbsp;P. J. Veitch,&nbsp;K. Venkateswara,&nbsp;G. Venugopalan,&nbsp;D. Verkindt,&nbsp;F. Vetrano,&nbsp;A. Viceré,&nbsp;A. D. Viets,&nbsp;D. J. Vine,&nbsp;J.-Y. Vinet,&nbsp;S. Vitale,&nbsp;Francisco Hernandez Vivanco,&nbsp;T. Vo,&nbsp;H. Vocca,&nbsp;C. Vorvick,&nbsp;S. P. Vyatchanin,&nbsp;A. R. Wade,&nbsp;L. E. Wade,&nbsp;M. Wade,&nbsp;R. Walet,&nbsp;M. Walker,&nbsp;L. Wallace,&nbsp;S. Walsh,&nbsp;G. Wang,&nbsp;H. Wang,&nbsp;J. Wang,&nbsp;J. Z. Wang,&nbsp;W. H. Wang,&nbsp;Y. F. Wang,&nbsp;R. L. Ward,&nbsp;Z. A. Warden,&nbsp;J. Warner,&nbsp;M. Was,&nbsp;J. Watchi,&nbsp;B. Weaver,&nbsp;L.-W. Wei,&nbsp;M. Weinert,&nbsp;A. J. Weinstein,&nbsp;R. Weiss,&nbsp;F. Wellmann,&nbsp;L. Wen,&nbsp;E. K. Wessel,&nbsp;P. Weßels,&nbsp;J. W. Westhouse,&nbsp;K. Wette,&nbsp;J. T. Whelan,&nbsp;B. F. Whiting,&nbsp;C. Whittle,&nbsp;D. M. Wilken,&nbsp;D. Williams,&nbsp;A. R. Williamson,&nbsp;J. L. Willis,&nbsp;B. Willke,&nbsp;M. H. Wimmer,&nbsp;W. Winkler,&nbsp;C. C. Wipf,&nbsp;H. Wittel,&nbsp;G. Woan,&nbsp;J. Woehler,&nbsp;J. K. Wofford,&nbsp;J. Worden,&nbsp;J. L. Wright,&nbsp;C. M. Wu,&nbsp;D. S. Wu,&nbsp;H. C. Wu,&nbsp;S. R. Wu,&nbsp;D. M. Wysocki,&nbsp;L. Xiao,&nbsp;W. R. Xu,&nbsp;T. Yamada,&nbsp;H. Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kohei Yamamoto,&nbsp;T. Yamamoto,&nbsp;C. C. Yancey,&nbsp;L. Yang,&nbsp;M. J. Yap,&nbsp;M. Yazback,&nbsp;D. W. Yeeles,&nbsp;K. Yokogawa,&nbsp;J. Yokoyama,&nbsp;T. Yokozawa,&nbsp;T. Yoshioka,&nbsp;Hang Yu,&nbsp;Haocun Yu,&nbsp;S. H. R. Yuen,&nbsp;H. Yuzurihara,&nbsp;M. Yvert,&nbsp;A. K. Zadrożny,&nbsp;M. Zanolin,&nbsp;S. Zeidler,&nbsp;T. Zelenova,&nbsp;J.-P. Zendri,&nbsp;M. Zevin,&nbsp;J. Zhang,&nbsp;L. Zhang,&nbsp;T. Zhang,&nbsp;C. Zhao,&nbsp;Y. Zhao,&nbsp;M. Zhou,&nbsp;Z. Zhou,&nbsp;X. J. Zhu,&nbsp;Z. H. Zhu,&nbsp;A. B. Zimmerman,&nbsp;M. E. Zucker,&nbsp;J. Zweizig,&nbsp;KAGRA Collaboration, LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration","doi":"10.1007/s41114-020-00026-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present our current best estimate of the plausible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next several years, with the intention of providing information to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals for the third (O3), fourth (O4) and fifth observing (O5) runs, including the planned upgrades of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. We study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source for gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary systems of compact objects, that is binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems. The ability to localize the sources is given as a sky-area probability, luminosity distance, and comoving volume. The median sky localization area (90% credible region) is expected to be a few hundreds of square degrees for all types of binary systems during O3 with the Advanced LIGO and Virgo (HLV) network. The median sky localization area will improve to a few tens of square degrees during O4 with the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (HLVK) network. During O3, the median localization volume (90% credible region) is expected to be on the order of <span>\\(10^{5}, 10^{6}, 10^{7}\\mathrm {\\ Mpc}^3\\)</span> for binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems, respectively. The localization volume in O4 is expected to be about a factor two smaller than in O3. We predict a detection count of <span>\\(1^{+12}_{-1}\\)</span>(<span>\\(10^{+52}_{-10}\\)</span>) for binary neutron star mergers, of <span>\\(0^{+19}_{-0}\\)</span>(<span>\\(1^{+91}_{-1}\\)</span>) for neutron star–black hole mergers, and <span>\\(17^{+22}_{-11}\\)</span>(<span>\\(79^{+89}_{-44}\\)</span>) for binary black hole mergers in a one-calendar-year observing run of the HLV network during O3 (HLVK network during O4). We evaluate sensitivity and localization expectations for unmodeled signal searches, including the search for intermediate mass black hole binary mergers.</p>","PeriodicalId":686,"journal":{"name":"Living Reviews in Relativity","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.3000,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41114-020-00026-9","citationCount":"161","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA\",\"authors\":\"B. P. Abbott,&nbsp;R. Abbott,&nbsp;T. D. Abbott,&nbsp;S. Abraham,&nbsp;F. Acernese,&nbsp;K. Ackley,&nbsp;C. Adams,&nbsp;V. B. Adya,&nbsp;C. Affeldt,&nbsp;M. Agathos,&nbsp;K. Agatsuma,&nbsp;N. Aggarwal,&nbsp;O. D. Aguiar,&nbsp;L. Aiello,&nbsp;A. Ain,&nbsp;P. Ajith,&nbsp;T. Akutsu,&nbsp;G. Allen,&nbsp;A. Allocca,&nbsp;M. A. Aloy,&nbsp;P. A. Altin,&nbsp;A. Amato,&nbsp;A. Ananyeva,&nbsp;S. B. Anderson,&nbsp;W. G. Anderson,&nbsp;M. Ando,&nbsp;S. V. Angelova,&nbsp;S. Antier,&nbsp;S. Appert,&nbsp;K. Arai,&nbsp;Koya Arai,&nbsp;Y. Arai,&nbsp;S. Araki,&nbsp;A. Araya,&nbsp;M. C. Araya,&nbsp;J. S. Areeda,&nbsp;M. Arène,&nbsp;N. Aritomi,&nbsp;N. Arnaud,&nbsp;K. G. Arun,&nbsp;S. Ascenzi,&nbsp;G. Ashton,&nbsp;Y. Aso,&nbsp;S. M. Aston,&nbsp;P. Astone,&nbsp;F. Aubin,&nbsp;P. Aufmuth,&nbsp;K. AultONeal,&nbsp;C. Austin,&nbsp;V. Avendano,&nbsp;A. Avila-Alvarez,&nbsp;S. Babak,&nbsp;P. Bacon,&nbsp;F. Badaracco,&nbsp;M. K. M. Bader,&nbsp;S. W. Bae,&nbsp;Y. B. Bae,&nbsp;L. Baiotti,&nbsp;R. Bajpai,&nbsp;P. T. Baker,&nbsp;F. Baldaccini,&nbsp;G. Ballardin,&nbsp;S. W. Ballmer,&nbsp;S. Banagiri,&nbsp;J. C. Barayoga,&nbsp;S. E. Barclay,&nbsp;B. C. Barish,&nbsp;D. Barker,&nbsp;K. Barkett,&nbsp;S. Barnum,&nbsp;F. Barone,&nbsp;B. Barr,&nbsp;L. Barsotti,&nbsp;M. Barsuglia,&nbsp;D. Barta,&nbsp;J. Bartlett,&nbsp;M. A. Barton,&nbsp;I. Bartos,&nbsp;R. Bassiri,&nbsp;A. Basti,&nbsp;M. Bawaj,&nbsp;J. C. Bayley,&nbsp;M. Bazzan,&nbsp;B. Bécsy,&nbsp;M. Bejger,&nbsp;I. Belahcene,&nbsp;A. S. Bell,&nbsp;D. Beniwal,&nbsp;B. K. Berger,&nbsp;G. Bergmann,&nbsp;S. Bernuzzi,&nbsp;J. J. Bero,&nbsp;C. P. L. Berry,&nbsp;D. Bersanetti,&nbsp;A. Bertolini,&nbsp;J. Betzwieser,&nbsp;R. Bhandare,&nbsp;J. Bidler,&nbsp;I. A. Bilenko,&nbsp;S. A. Bilgili,&nbsp;G. Billingsley,&nbsp;J. Birch,&nbsp;R. Birney,&nbsp;O. Birnholtz,&nbsp;S. Biscans,&nbsp;S. Biscoveanu,&nbsp;A. Bisht,&nbsp;M. Bitossi,&nbsp;M. A. Bizouard,&nbsp;J. K. Blackburn,&nbsp;C. D. Blair,&nbsp;D. G. Blair,&nbsp;R. M. Blair,&nbsp;S. Bloemen,&nbsp;N. Bode,&nbsp;M. Boer,&nbsp;Y. Boetzel,&nbsp;G. Bogaert,&nbsp;F. Bondu,&nbsp;E. Bonilla,&nbsp;R. Bonnand,&nbsp;P. Booker,&nbsp;B. A. Boom,&nbsp;C. D. Booth,&nbsp;R. Bork,&nbsp;V. Boschi,&nbsp;S. Bose,&nbsp;K. Bossie,&nbsp;V. Bossilkov,&nbsp;J. Bosveld,&nbsp;Y. Bouffanais,&nbsp;A. Bozzi,&nbsp;C. Bradaschia,&nbsp;P. R. Brady,&nbsp;A. Bramley,&nbsp;M. Branchesi,&nbsp;J. E. Brau,&nbsp;T. Briant,&nbsp;J. H. Briggs,&nbsp;F. Brighenti,&nbsp;A. Brillet,&nbsp;M. Brinkmann,&nbsp;V. Brisson,&nbsp;P. Brockill,&nbsp;A. F. Brooks,&nbsp;D. A. Brown,&nbsp;D. D. Brown,&nbsp;S. Brunett,&nbsp;A. Buikema,&nbsp;T. Bulik,&nbsp;H. J. Bulten,&nbsp;A. Buonanno,&nbsp;D. Buskulic,&nbsp;C. Buy,&nbsp;R. L. Byer,&nbsp;M. Cabero,&nbsp;L. Cadonati,&nbsp;G. Cagnoli,&nbsp;C. Cahillane,&nbsp;J. Calderón Bustillo,&nbsp;T. A. Callister,&nbsp;E. Calloni,&nbsp;J. B. Camp,&nbsp;W. A. Campbell,&nbsp;M. Canepa,&nbsp;K. Cannon,&nbsp;K. C. Cannon,&nbsp;H. Cao,&nbsp;J. Cao,&nbsp;E. Capocasa,&nbsp;F. Carbognani,&nbsp;S. Caride,&nbsp;M. F. Carney,&nbsp;G. Carullo,&nbsp;J. Casanueva Diaz,&nbsp;C. Casentini,&nbsp;S. Caudill,&nbsp;M. Cavaglià,&nbsp;F. Cavalier,&nbsp;R. Cavalieri,&nbsp;G. Cella,&nbsp;P. Cerdá-Durán,&nbsp;G. Cerretani,&nbsp;E. Cesarini,&nbsp;O. Chaibi,&nbsp;K. Chakravarti,&nbsp;S. J. Chamberlin,&nbsp;M. Chan,&nbsp;M. L. Chan,&nbsp;S. Chao,&nbsp;P. Charlton,&nbsp;E. A. Chase,&nbsp;E. Chassande-Mottin,&nbsp;D. Chatterjee,&nbsp;M. Chaturvedi,&nbsp;K. Chatziioannou,&nbsp;B. D. Cheeseboro,&nbsp;C. S. Chen,&nbsp;H. Y. Chen,&nbsp;K. H. Chen,&nbsp;X. Chen,&nbsp;Y. Chen,&nbsp;Y. R. Chen,&nbsp;H.-P. Cheng,&nbsp;C. K. Cheong,&nbsp;H. Y. Chia,&nbsp;A. Chincarini,&nbsp;A. Chiummo,&nbsp;G. Cho,&nbsp;H. S. Cho,&nbsp;M. Cho,&nbsp;N. Christensen,&nbsp;H. Y. Chu,&nbsp;Q. Chu,&nbsp;Y. K. Chu,&nbsp;S. Chua,&nbsp;K. W. Chung,&nbsp;S. Chung,&nbsp;G. Ciani,&nbsp;A. A. Ciobanu,&nbsp;R. Ciolfi,&nbsp;F. Cipriano,&nbsp;A. Cirone,&nbsp;F. Clara,&nbsp;J. A. Clark,&nbsp;P. Clearwater,&nbsp;F. Cleva,&nbsp;C. Cocchieri,&nbsp;E. Coccia,&nbsp;P.-F. Cohadon,&nbsp;D. Cohen,&nbsp;R. Colgan,&nbsp;M. Colleoni,&nbsp;C. G. Collette,&nbsp;C. Collins,&nbsp;L. R. Cominsky,&nbsp;M. Constancio Jr.,&nbsp;L. Conti,&nbsp;S. J. Cooper,&nbsp;P. Corban,&nbsp;T. R. Corbitt,&nbsp;I. Cordero-Carrión,&nbsp;K. R. Corley,&nbsp;N. Cornish,&nbsp;A. Corsi,&nbsp;S. Cortese,&nbsp;C. A. Costa,&nbsp;R. Cotesta,&nbsp;M. W. Coughlin,&nbsp;S. B. Coughlin,&nbsp;J.-P. Coulon,&nbsp;S. T. Countryman,&nbsp;P. Couvares,&nbsp;P. B. Covas,&nbsp;E. E. Cowan,&nbsp;D. M. Coward,&nbsp;M. J. Cowart,&nbsp;D. C. Coyne,&nbsp;R. Coyne,&nbsp;J. D. E. Creighton,&nbsp;T. D. Creighton,&nbsp;J. Cripe,&nbsp;M. Croquette,&nbsp;S. G. Crowder,&nbsp;T. J. Cullen,&nbsp;A. Cumming,&nbsp;L. Cunningham,&nbsp;E. Cuoco,&nbsp;T. Dal Canton,&nbsp;G. Dálya,&nbsp;S. L. Danilishin,&nbsp;S. D’Antonio,&nbsp;K. Danzmann,&nbsp;A. Dasgupta,&nbsp;C. F. Da Silva Costa,&nbsp;L. E. H. Datrier,&nbsp;V. Dattilo,&nbsp;I. Dave,&nbsp;M. Davier,&nbsp;D. Davis,&nbsp;E. J. Daw,&nbsp;D. DeBra,&nbsp;M. Deenadayalan,&nbsp;J. Degallaix,&nbsp;M. De Laurentis,&nbsp;S. Deléglise,&nbsp;W. Del Pozzo,&nbsp;L. M. DeMarchi,&nbsp;N. Demos,&nbsp;T. Dent,&nbsp;R. De Pietri,&nbsp;J. Derby,&nbsp;R. De Rosa,&nbsp;C. De Rossi,&nbsp;R. DeSalvo,&nbsp;O. de Varona,&nbsp;S. Dhurandhar,&nbsp;M. C. Díaz,&nbsp;T. Dietrich,&nbsp;L. Di Fiore,&nbsp;M. Di Giovanni,&nbsp;T. Di Girolamo,&nbsp;A. Di Lieto,&nbsp;B. Ding,&nbsp;S. Di Pace,&nbsp;I. Di Palma,&nbsp;F. Di Renzo,&nbsp;A. Dmitriev,&nbsp;Z. Doctor,&nbsp;K. Doi,&nbsp;F. Donovan,&nbsp;K. L. Dooley,&nbsp;S. Doravari,&nbsp;I. Dorrington,&nbsp;T. P. Downes,&nbsp;M. Drago,&nbsp;J. C. Driggers,&nbsp;Z. Du,&nbsp;J.-G. Ducoin,&nbsp;P. Dupej,&nbsp;S. E. Dwyer,&nbsp;P. J. Easter,&nbsp;T. B. Edo,&nbsp;M. C. Edwards,&nbsp;A. Effler,&nbsp;S. Eguchi,&nbsp;P. Ehrens,&nbsp;J. Eichholz,&nbsp;S. S. Eikenberry,&nbsp;M. Eisenmann,&nbsp;R. A. Eisenstein,&nbsp;Y. Enomoto,&nbsp;R. C. Essick,&nbsp;H. Estelles,&nbsp;D. Estevez,&nbsp;Z. B. Etienne,&nbsp;T. Etzel,&nbsp;M. Evans,&nbsp;T. M. Evans,&nbsp;V. Fafone,&nbsp;H. Fair,&nbsp;S. Fairhurst,&nbsp;X. Fan,&nbsp;S. Farinon,&nbsp;B. Farr,&nbsp;W. M. Farr,&nbsp;E. J. Fauchon-Jones,&nbsp;M. Favata,&nbsp;M. Fays,&nbsp;M. Fazio,&nbsp;C. Fee,&nbsp;J. Feicht,&nbsp;M. M. Fejer,&nbsp;F. Feng,&nbsp;A. Fernandez-Galiana,&nbsp;I. Ferrante,&nbsp;E. C. Ferreira,&nbsp;T. A. Ferreira,&nbsp;F. Ferrini,&nbsp;F. Fidecaro,&nbsp;I. Fiori,&nbsp;D. Fiorucci,&nbsp;M. Fishbach,&nbsp;R. P. Fisher,&nbsp;J. M. Fishner,&nbsp;M. Fitz-Axen,&nbsp;R. Flaminio,&nbsp;M. Fletcher,&nbsp;E. Flynn,&nbsp;H. Fong,&nbsp;J. A. Font,&nbsp;P. W. F. Forsyth,&nbsp;J.-D. Fournier,&nbsp;S. Frasca,&nbsp;F. Frasconi,&nbsp;Z. Frei,&nbsp;A. Freise,&nbsp;R. Frey,&nbsp;V. Frey,&nbsp;P. Fritschel,&nbsp;V. V. Frolov,&nbsp;Y. Fujii,&nbsp;M. Fukunaga,&nbsp;M. Fukushima,&nbsp;P. Fulda,&nbsp;M. Fyffe,&nbsp;H. A. Gabbard,&nbsp;B. U. Gadre,&nbsp;S. M. Gaebel,&nbsp;J. R. Gair,&nbsp;L. Gammaitoni,&nbsp;M. R. Ganija,&nbsp;S. G. Gaonkar,&nbsp;A. Garcia,&nbsp;C. García-Quirós,&nbsp;F. Garufi,&nbsp;B. Gateley,&nbsp;S. Gaudio,&nbsp;G. Gaur,&nbsp;V. Gayathri,&nbsp;G. G. Ge,&nbsp;G. Gemme,&nbsp;E. Genin,&nbsp;A. Gennai,&nbsp;D. George,&nbsp;J. George,&nbsp;L. Gergely,&nbsp;V. Germain,&nbsp;S. Ghonge,&nbsp;Abhirup Ghosh,&nbsp;Archisman Ghosh,&nbsp;S. Ghosh,&nbsp;B. Giacomazzo,&nbsp;J. A. Giaime,&nbsp;K. D. Giardina,&nbsp;A. Giazotto,&nbsp;K. Gill,&nbsp;G. Giordano,&nbsp;L. Glover,&nbsp;P. Godwin,&nbsp;E. Goetz,&nbsp;R. Goetz,&nbsp;B. Goncharov,&nbsp;G. González,&nbsp;J. M. Gonzalez Castro,&nbsp;A. Gopakumar,&nbsp;M. L. Gorodetsky,&nbsp;S. E. Gossan,&nbsp;M. Gosselin,&nbsp;R. Gouaty,&nbsp;A. Grado,&nbsp;C. Graef,&nbsp;M. Granata,&nbsp;A. Grant,&nbsp;S. Gras,&nbsp;P. Grassia,&nbsp;C. Gray,&nbsp;R. Gray,&nbsp;G. Greco,&nbsp;A. C. Green,&nbsp;R. Green,&nbsp;E. M. Gretarsson,&nbsp;P. Groot,&nbsp;H. Grote,&nbsp;S. Grunewald,&nbsp;P. Gruning,&nbsp;G. M. Guidi,&nbsp;H. K. Gulati,&nbsp;Y. Guo,&nbsp;A. Gupta,&nbsp;M. K. Gupta,&nbsp;E. K. Gustafson,&nbsp;R. Gustafson,&nbsp;L. Haegel,&nbsp;A. Hagiwara,&nbsp;S. Haino,&nbsp;O. Halim,&nbsp;B. R. Hall,&nbsp;E. D. Hall,&nbsp;E. Z. Hamilton,&nbsp;G. Hammond,&nbsp;M. Haney,&nbsp;M. M. Hanke,&nbsp;J. Hanks,&nbsp;C. Hanna,&nbsp;M. D. Hannam,&nbsp;O. A. Hannuksela,&nbsp;J. Hanson,&nbsp;T. Hardwick,&nbsp;K. Haris,&nbsp;J. Harms,&nbsp;G. M. Harry,&nbsp;I. W. Harry,&nbsp;K. Hasegawa,&nbsp;C.-J. Haster,&nbsp;K. Haughian,&nbsp;H. Hayakawa,&nbsp;K. Hayama,&nbsp;F. J. Hayes,&nbsp;J. Healy,&nbsp;A. Heidmann,&nbsp;M. C. Heintze,&nbsp;H. Heitmann,&nbsp;P. Hello,&nbsp;G. Hemming,&nbsp;M. Hendry,&nbsp;I. S. Heng,&nbsp;J. Hennig,&nbsp;A. W. Heptonstall,&nbsp;M. Heurs,&nbsp;S. Hild,&nbsp;Y. Himemoto,&nbsp;T. Hinderer,&nbsp;Y. Hiranuma,&nbsp;N. Hirata,&nbsp;E. Hirose,&nbsp;D. Hoak,&nbsp;S. Hochheim,&nbsp;D. Hofman,&nbsp;A. M. Holgado,&nbsp;N. A. Holland,&nbsp;K. Holt,&nbsp;D. E. Holz,&nbsp;Z. Hong,&nbsp;P. Hopkins,&nbsp;C. Horst,&nbsp;J. Hough,&nbsp;E. J. Howell,&nbsp;C. G. Hoy,&nbsp;A. Hreibi,&nbsp;B. H. Hsieh,&nbsp;G. Z. Huang,&nbsp;P. W. Huang,&nbsp;Y. J. Huang,&nbsp;E. A. Huerta,&nbsp;D. Huet,&nbsp;B. Hughey,&nbsp;M. Hulko,&nbsp;S. Husa,&nbsp;S. H. Huttner,&nbsp;T. Huynh-Dinh,&nbsp;B. Idzkowski,&nbsp;A. Iess,&nbsp;B. Ikenoue,&nbsp;S. Imam,&nbsp;K. Inayoshi,&nbsp;C. Ingram,&nbsp;Y. Inoue,&nbsp;R. Inta,&nbsp;G. Intini,&nbsp;K. Ioka,&nbsp;B. Irwin,&nbsp;H. N. Isa,&nbsp;J.-M. Isac,&nbsp;M. Isi,&nbsp;Y. Itoh,&nbsp;B. R. Iyer,&nbsp;K. Izumi,&nbsp;T. Jacqmin,&nbsp;S. J. Jadhav,&nbsp;K. Jani,&nbsp;N. N. Janthalur,&nbsp;P. Jaranowski,&nbsp;A. C. Jenkins,&nbsp;J. Jiang,&nbsp;D. S. Johnson,&nbsp;A. W. Jones,&nbsp;D. I. Jones,&nbsp;R. Jones,&nbsp;R. J. G. Jonker,&nbsp;L. Ju,&nbsp;K. Jung,&nbsp;P. Jung,&nbsp;J. Junker,&nbsp;T. Kajita,&nbsp;C. V. Kalaghatgi,&nbsp;V. Kalogera,&nbsp;B. Kamai,&nbsp;M. Kamiizumi,&nbsp;N. Kanda,&nbsp;S. Kandhasamy,&nbsp;G. W. Kang,&nbsp;J. B. Kanner,&nbsp;S. J. Kapadia,&nbsp;S. Karki,&nbsp;K. S. Karvinen,&nbsp;R. Kashyap,&nbsp;M. Kasprzack,&nbsp;S. Katsanevas,&nbsp;E. Katsavounidis,&nbsp;W. Katzman,&nbsp;S. Kaufer,&nbsp;K. Kawabe,&nbsp;K. Kawaguchi,&nbsp;N. Kawai,&nbsp;T. Kawasaki,&nbsp;N. V. Keerthana,&nbsp;F. Kéfélian,&nbsp;D. Keitel,&nbsp;R. Kennedy,&nbsp;J. S. Key,&nbsp;F. Y. Khalili,&nbsp;H. Khan,&nbsp;I. Khan,&nbsp;S. Khan,&nbsp;Z. Khan,&nbsp;E. A. Khazanov,&nbsp;M. Khursheed,&nbsp;N. Kijbunchoo,&nbsp;Chunglee Kim,&nbsp;C. Kim,&nbsp;J. C. Kim,&nbsp;J. Kim,&nbsp;K. Kim,&nbsp;W. Kim,&nbsp;W. S. Kim,&nbsp;Y.-M. Kim,&nbsp;C. Kimball,&nbsp;N. Kimura,&nbsp;E. J. King,&nbsp;P. J. King,&nbsp;M. Kinley-Hanlon,&nbsp;R. Kirchhoff,&nbsp;J. S. Kissel,&nbsp;N. Kita,&nbsp;H. Kitazawa,&nbsp;L. Kleybolte,&nbsp;J. H. Klika,&nbsp;S. Klimenko,&nbsp;T. D. Knowles,&nbsp;E. Knyazev,&nbsp;P. Koch,&nbsp;S. M. Koehlenbeck,&nbsp;G. Koekoek,&nbsp;Y. Kojima,&nbsp;K. Kokeyama,&nbsp;S. Koley,&nbsp;K. Komori,&nbsp;V. Kondrashov,&nbsp;A. K. H. Kong,&nbsp;A. Kontos,&nbsp;N. Koper,&nbsp;M. Korobko,&nbsp;W. Z. Korth,&nbsp;K. Kotake,&nbsp;I. Kowalska,&nbsp;D. B. Kozak,&nbsp;C. Kozakai,&nbsp;R. Kozu,&nbsp;V. Kringel,&nbsp;N. Krishnendu,&nbsp;A. Królak,&nbsp;G. Kuehn,&nbsp;A. Kumar,&nbsp;P. Kumar,&nbsp;Rahul Kumar,&nbsp;R. Kumar,&nbsp;S. Kumar,&nbsp;J. Kume,&nbsp;C. M. Kuo,&nbsp;H. S. Kuo,&nbsp;L. Kuo,&nbsp;S. Kuroyanagi,&nbsp;K. Kusayanagi,&nbsp;A. Kutynia,&nbsp;K. Kwak,&nbsp;S. Kwang,&nbsp;B. D. Lackey,&nbsp;K. H. Lai,&nbsp;T. L. Lam,&nbsp;M. Landry,&nbsp;B. B. Lane,&nbsp;R. N. Lang,&nbsp;J. Lange,&nbsp;B. Lantz,&nbsp;R. K. Lanza,&nbsp;A. Lartaux-Vollard,&nbsp;P. D. Lasky,&nbsp;M. Laxen,&nbsp;A. Lazzarini,&nbsp;C. Lazzaro,&nbsp;P. Leaci,&nbsp;S. Leavey,&nbsp;Y. K. Lecoeuche,&nbsp;C. H. Lee,&nbsp;H. K. Lee,&nbsp;H. M. Lee,&nbsp;H. W. Lee,&nbsp;J. Lee,&nbsp;K. Lee,&nbsp;R. K. Lee,&nbsp;J. Lehmann,&nbsp;A. Lenon,&nbsp;M. Leonardi,&nbsp;N. Leroy,&nbsp;N. Letendre,&nbsp;Y. Levin,&nbsp;J. Li,&nbsp;K. J. L. Li,&nbsp;T. G. F. Li,&nbsp;X. Li,&nbsp;C. Y. Lin,&nbsp;F. Lin,&nbsp;F. L. Lin,&nbsp;L. C. C. Lin,&nbsp;F. Linde,&nbsp;S. D. Linker,&nbsp;T. B. Littenberg,&nbsp;G. C. Liu,&nbsp;J. Liu,&nbsp;X. Liu,&nbsp;R. K. L. Lo,&nbsp;N. A. Lockerbie,&nbsp;L. T. London,&nbsp;A. Longo,&nbsp;M. Lorenzini,&nbsp;V. Loriette,&nbsp;M. Lormand,&nbsp;G. Losurdo,&nbsp;J. D. Lough,&nbsp;C. O. Lousto,&nbsp;G. Lovelace,&nbsp;M. E. Lower,&nbsp;H. Lück,&nbsp;D. Lumaca,&nbsp;A. P. Lundgren,&nbsp;L. W. Luo,&nbsp;R. Lynch,&nbsp;Y. Ma,&nbsp;R. Macas,&nbsp;S. Macfoy,&nbsp;M. MacInnis,&nbsp;D. M. Macleod,&nbsp;A. Macquet,&nbsp;F. Magaña-Sandoval,&nbsp;L. Magaña Zertuche,&nbsp;R. M. Magee,&nbsp;E. Majorana,&nbsp;I. Maksimovic,&nbsp;A. Malik,&nbsp;N. Man,&nbsp;V. Mandic,&nbsp;V. Mangano,&nbsp;G. L. Mansell,&nbsp;M. Manske,&nbsp;M. Mantovani,&nbsp;F. Marchesoni,&nbsp;M. Marchio,&nbsp;F. Marion,&nbsp;S. Márka,&nbsp;Z. Márka,&nbsp;C. Markakis,&nbsp;A. S. Markosyan,&nbsp;A. Markowitz,&nbsp;E. Maros,&nbsp;A. Marquina,&nbsp;S. Marsat,&nbsp;F. Martelli,&nbsp;I. W. Martin,&nbsp;R. M. Martin,&nbsp;D. V. Martynov,&nbsp;K. Mason,&nbsp;E. Massera,&nbsp;A. Masserot,&nbsp;T. J. Massinger,&nbsp;M. Masso-Reid,&nbsp;S. Mastrogiovanni,&nbsp;A. Matas,&nbsp;F. Matichard,&nbsp;L. Matone,&nbsp;N. Mavalvala,&nbsp;N. Mazumder,&nbsp;J. J. McCann,&nbsp;R. McCarthy,&nbsp;D. E. McClelland,&nbsp;S. McCormick,&nbsp;L. McCuller,&nbsp;S. C. McGuire,&nbsp;J. McIver,&nbsp;D. J. McManus,&nbsp;T. McRae,&nbsp;S. T. McWilliams,&nbsp;D. Meacher,&nbsp;G. D. Meadors,&nbsp;M. Mehmet,&nbsp;A. K. Mehta,&nbsp;J. Meidam,&nbsp;A. Melatos,&nbsp;G. Mendell,&nbsp;R. A. Mercer,&nbsp;L. Mereni,&nbsp;E. L. Merilh,&nbsp;M. Merzougui,&nbsp;S. Meshkov,&nbsp;C. Messenger,&nbsp;C. Messick,&nbsp;R. Metzdorff,&nbsp;P. M. Meyers,&nbsp;H. Miao,&nbsp;C. Michel,&nbsp;Y. Michimura,&nbsp;H. Middleton,&nbsp;E. E. Mikhailov,&nbsp;L. Milano,&nbsp;A. L. Miller,&nbsp;A. Miller,&nbsp;M. Millhouse,&nbsp;J. C. Mills,&nbsp;M. C. Milovich-Goff,&nbsp;O. Minazzoli,&nbsp;Y. Minenkov,&nbsp;N. Mio,&nbsp;A. Mishkin,&nbsp;C. Mishra,&nbsp;T. Mistry,&nbsp;S. Mitra,&nbsp;V. P. Mitrofanov,&nbsp;G. Mitselmakher,&nbsp;R. Mittleman,&nbsp;O. Miyakawa,&nbsp;A. Miyamoto,&nbsp;Y. Miyazaki,&nbsp;K. Miyo,&nbsp;S. Miyoki,&nbsp;G. Mo,&nbsp;D. Moffa,&nbsp;K. Mogushi,&nbsp;S. R. P. Mohapatra,&nbsp;M. Montani,&nbsp;C. J. Moore,&nbsp;D. Moraru,&nbsp;G. Moreno,&nbsp;S. Morisaki,&nbsp;Y. Moriwaki,&nbsp;B. Mours,&nbsp;C. M. Mow-Lowry,&nbsp;Arunava Mukherjee,&nbsp;D. Mukherjee,&nbsp;S. Mukherjee,&nbsp;N. Mukund,&nbsp;A. Mullavey,&nbsp;J. Munch,&nbsp;E. A. Muñiz,&nbsp;M. Muratore,&nbsp;P. G. Murray,&nbsp;K. Nagano,&nbsp;S. Nagano,&nbsp;A. Nagar,&nbsp;K. Nakamura,&nbsp;H. Nakano,&nbsp;M. Nakano,&nbsp;R. Nakashima,&nbsp;I. Nardecchia,&nbsp;T. Narikawa,&nbsp;L. Naticchioni,&nbsp;R. K. Nayak,&nbsp;R. Negishi,&nbsp;J. Neilson,&nbsp;G. Nelemans,&nbsp;T. J. N. Nelson,&nbsp;M. Nery,&nbsp;A. Neunzert,&nbsp;K. Y. Ng,&nbsp;S. Ng,&nbsp;P. Nguyen,&nbsp;W. T. Ni,&nbsp;D. Nichols,&nbsp;A. Nishizawa,&nbsp;S. Nissanke,&nbsp;F. Nocera,&nbsp;C. North,&nbsp;L. K. Nuttall,&nbsp;M. Obergaulinger,&nbsp;J. Oberling,&nbsp;B. D. O’Brien,&nbsp;Y. Obuchi,&nbsp;G. D. O’Dea,&nbsp;W. Ogaki,&nbsp;G. H. Ogin,&nbsp;J. J. Oh,&nbsp;S. H. Oh,&nbsp;M. Ohashi,&nbsp;N. Ohishi,&nbsp;M. Ohkawa,&nbsp;F. Ohme,&nbsp;H. Ohta,&nbsp;M. A. Okada,&nbsp;K. Okutomi,&nbsp;M. Oliver,&nbsp;K. Oohara,&nbsp;C. P. Ooi,&nbsp;P. Oppermann,&nbsp;Richard J. Oram,&nbsp;B. O’Reilly,&nbsp;R. G. Ormiston,&nbsp;L. F. Ortega,&nbsp;R. O’Shaughnessy,&nbsp;S. Oshino,&nbsp;S. Ossokine,&nbsp;D. J. Ottaway,&nbsp;H. Overmier,&nbsp;B. J. Owen,&nbsp;A. E. Pace,&nbsp;G. Pagano,&nbsp;M. A. Page,&nbsp;A. Pai,&nbsp;S. A. Pai,&nbsp;J. R. Palamos,&nbsp;O. Palashov,&nbsp;C. Palomba,&nbsp;A. Pal-Singh,&nbsp;Huang-Wei Pan,&nbsp;K. C. Pan,&nbsp;B. Pang,&nbsp;H. F. Pang,&nbsp;P. T. H. Pang,&nbsp;C. Pankow,&nbsp;F. Pannarale,&nbsp;B. C. Pant,&nbsp;F. Paoletti,&nbsp;A. Paoli,&nbsp;M. A. Papa,&nbsp;A. Parida,&nbsp;J. Park,&nbsp;W. Parker,&nbsp;D. Pascucci,&nbsp;A. Pasqualetti,&nbsp;R. Passaquieti,&nbsp;D. Passuello,&nbsp;M. Patil,&nbsp;B. Patricelli,&nbsp;B. L. Pearlstone,&nbsp;C. Pedersen,&nbsp;M. Pedraza,&nbsp;R. Pedurand,&nbsp;A. Pele,&nbsp;F. E. Peña Arellano,&nbsp;S. Penn,&nbsp;C. J. Perez,&nbsp;A. Perreca,&nbsp;H. P. Pfeiffer,&nbsp;M. Phelps,&nbsp;K. S. Phukon,&nbsp;O. J. Piccinni,&nbsp;M. Pichot,&nbsp;F. Piergiovanni,&nbsp;G. Pillant,&nbsp;L. Pinard,&nbsp;I. Pinto,&nbsp;M. Pirello,&nbsp;M. Pitkin,&nbsp;R. Poggiani,&nbsp;D. Y. T. Pong,&nbsp;S. Ponrathnam,&nbsp;P. Popolizio,&nbsp;E. K. Porter,&nbsp;J. Powell,&nbsp;A. K. Prajapati,&nbsp;J. Prasad,&nbsp;K. Prasai,&nbsp;R. Prasanna,&nbsp;G. Pratten,&nbsp;T. Prestegard,&nbsp;S. Privitera,&nbsp;G. A. Prodi,&nbsp;L. G. Prokhorov,&nbsp;O. Puncken,&nbsp;M. Punturo,&nbsp;P. Puppo,&nbsp;M. Pürrer,&nbsp;H. Qi,&nbsp;V. Quetschke,&nbsp;P. J. Quinonez,&nbsp;E. A. Quintero,&nbsp;R. Quitzow-James,&nbsp;F. J. Raab,&nbsp;H. Radkins,&nbsp;N. Radulescu,&nbsp;P. Raffai,&nbsp;S. Raja,&nbsp;C. Rajan,&nbsp;B. Rajbhandari,&nbsp;M. Rakhmanov,&nbsp;K. E. Ramirez,&nbsp;A. Ramos-Buades,&nbsp;Javed Rana,&nbsp;K. Rao,&nbsp;P. Rapagnani,&nbsp;V. Raymond,&nbsp;M. Razzano,&nbsp;J. Read,&nbsp;T. Regimbau,&nbsp;L. Rei,&nbsp;S. Reid,&nbsp;D. H. Reitze,&nbsp;W. Ren,&nbsp;F. Ricci,&nbsp;C. J. Richardson,&nbsp;J. W. Richardson,&nbsp;P. M. Ricker,&nbsp;K. Riles,&nbsp;M. Rizzo,&nbsp;N. A. Robertson,&nbsp;R. Robie,&nbsp;F. Robinet,&nbsp;A. Rocchi,&nbsp;L. Rolland,&nbsp;J. G. Rollins,&nbsp;V. J. Roma,&nbsp;M. Romanelli,&nbsp;R. Romano,&nbsp;C. L. Romel,&nbsp;J. H. Romie,&nbsp;K. Rose,&nbsp;D. Rosińska,&nbsp;S. G. Rosofsky,&nbsp;M. P. Ross,&nbsp;S. Rowan,&nbsp;A. Rüdiger,&nbsp;P. Ruggi,&nbsp;G. Rutins,&nbsp;K. Ryan,&nbsp;S. Sachdev,&nbsp;T. Sadecki,&nbsp;N. Sago,&nbsp;S. Saito,&nbsp;Y. Saito,&nbsp;K. Sakai,&nbsp;Y. Sakai,&nbsp;H. Sakamoto,&nbsp;M. Sakellariadou,&nbsp;Y. Sakuno,&nbsp;L. Salconi,&nbsp;M. Saleem,&nbsp;A. Samajdar,&nbsp;L. Sammut,&nbsp;E. J. Sanchez,&nbsp;L. E. Sanchez,&nbsp;N. Sanchis-Gual,&nbsp;V. Sandberg,&nbsp;J. R. Sanders,&nbsp;K. A. Santiago,&nbsp;N. Sarin,&nbsp;B. Sassolas,&nbsp;B. S. Sathyaprakash,&nbsp;S. Sato,&nbsp;T. Sato,&nbsp;O. Sauter,&nbsp;R. L. Savage,&nbsp;T. Sawada,&nbsp;P. Schale,&nbsp;M. Scheel,&nbsp;J. Scheuer,&nbsp;P. Schmidt,&nbsp;R. Schnabel,&nbsp;R. M. S. Schofield,&nbsp;A. Schönbeck,&nbsp;E. Schreiber,&nbsp;B. W. Schulte,&nbsp;B. F. Schutz,&nbsp;S. G. 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Whelan,&nbsp;B. F. Whiting,&nbsp;C. Whittle,&nbsp;D. M. Wilken,&nbsp;D. Williams,&nbsp;A. R. Williamson,&nbsp;J. L. Willis,&nbsp;B. Willke,&nbsp;M. H. Wimmer,&nbsp;W. Winkler,&nbsp;C. C. Wipf,&nbsp;H. Wittel,&nbsp;G. Woan,&nbsp;J. Woehler,&nbsp;J. K. Wofford,&nbsp;J. Worden,&nbsp;J. L. Wright,&nbsp;C. M. Wu,&nbsp;D. S. Wu,&nbsp;H. C. Wu,&nbsp;S. R. Wu,&nbsp;D. M. Wysocki,&nbsp;L. Xiao,&nbsp;W. R. Xu,&nbsp;T. Yamada,&nbsp;H. Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kohei Yamamoto,&nbsp;T. Yamamoto,&nbsp;C. C. Yancey,&nbsp;L. Yang,&nbsp;M. J. Yap,&nbsp;M. Yazback,&nbsp;D. W. Yeeles,&nbsp;K. Yokogawa,&nbsp;J. Yokoyama,&nbsp;T. Yokozawa,&nbsp;T. Yoshioka,&nbsp;Hang Yu,&nbsp;Haocun Yu,&nbsp;S. H. R. Yuen,&nbsp;H. Yuzurihara,&nbsp;M. Yvert,&nbsp;A. K. Zadrożny,&nbsp;M. Zanolin,&nbsp;S. Zeidler,&nbsp;T. Zelenova,&nbsp;J.-P. Zendri,&nbsp;M. Zevin,&nbsp;J. Zhang,&nbsp;L. Zhang,&nbsp;T. Zhang,&nbsp;C. Zhao,&nbsp;Y. Zhao,&nbsp;M. Zhou,&nbsp;Z. Zhou,&nbsp;X. J. Zhu,&nbsp;Z. H. Zhu,&nbsp;A. B. Zimmerman,&nbsp;M. E. Zucker,&nbsp;J. Zweizig,&nbsp;KAGRA Collaboration, LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s41114-020-00026-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>We present our current best estimate of the plausible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next several years, with the intention of providing information to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals for the third (O3), fourth (O4) and fifth observing (O5) runs, including the planned upgrades of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. We study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source for gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary systems of compact objects, that is binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems. The ability to localize the sources is given as a sky-area probability, luminosity distance, and comoving volume. The median sky localization area (90% credible region) is expected to be a few hundreds of square degrees for all types of binary systems during O3 with the Advanced LIGO and Virgo (HLV) network. The median sky localization area will improve to a few tens of square degrees during O4 with the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (HLVK) network. During O3, the median localization volume (90% credible region) is expected to be on the order of <span>\\\\(10^{5}, 10^{6}, 10^{7}\\\\mathrm {\\\\ Mpc}^3\\\\)</span> for binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems, respectively. The localization volume in O4 is expected to be about a factor two smaller than in O3. We predict a detection count of <span>\\\\(1^{+12}_{-1}\\\\)</span>(<span>\\\\(10^{+52}_{-10}\\\\)</span>) for binary neutron star mergers, of <span>\\\\(0^{+19}_{-0}\\\\)</span>(<span>\\\\(1^{+91}_{-1}\\\\)</span>) for neutron star–black hole mergers, and <span>\\\\(17^{+22}_{-11}\\\\)</span>(<span>\\\\(79^{+89}_{-44}\\\\)</span>) for binary black hole mergers in a one-calendar-year observing run of the HLV network during O3 (HLVK network during O4). 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引用次数: 161

摘要

我们提出了目前对先进的LIGO、先进的Virgo和KAGRA引力波探测器在未来几年内可能的观测情景的最佳估计,旨在为引力波的多信使天文学规划提供信息。我们估计了第三次(O3),第四次(O4)和第五次观测(O5)运行时网络对瞬态引力波信号的灵敏度,包括计划升级的高级LIGO和高级处女座探测器。我们研究了网络确定致密天体双星系统(即双中子星、中子星-黑洞和双黑洞系统)的引力波信号的天空位置的能力。定位光源的能力以天空区域概率、光度距离和移动体积给出。中位天空定位区域(90% credible region) is expected to be a few hundreds of square degrees for all types of binary systems during O3 with the Advanced LIGO and Virgo (HLV) network. The median sky localization area will improve to a few tens of square degrees during O4 with the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (HLVK) network. During O3, the median localization volume (90% credible region) is expected to be on the order of \(10^{5}, 10^{6}, 10^{7}\mathrm {\ Mpc}^3\) for binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems, respectively. The localization volume in O4 is expected to be about a factor two smaller than in O3. We predict a detection count of \(1^{+12}_{-1}\)(\(10^{+52}_{-10}\)) for binary neutron star mergers, of \(0^{+19}_{-0}\)(\(1^{+91}_{-1}\)) for neutron star–black hole mergers, and \(17^{+22}_{-11}\)(\(79^{+89}_{-44}\)) for binary black hole mergers in a one-calendar-year observing run of the HLV network during O3 (HLVK network during O4). We evaluate sensitivity and localization expectations for unmodeled signal searches, including the search for intermediate mass black hole binary mergers.
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Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA

We present our current best estimate of the plausible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next several years, with the intention of providing information to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals for the third (O3), fourth (O4) and fifth observing (O5) runs, including the planned upgrades of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. We study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source for gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary systems of compact objects, that is binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems. The ability to localize the sources is given as a sky-area probability, luminosity distance, and comoving volume. The median sky localization area (90% credible region) is expected to be a few hundreds of square degrees for all types of binary systems during O3 with the Advanced LIGO and Virgo (HLV) network. The median sky localization area will improve to a few tens of square degrees during O4 with the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (HLVK) network. During O3, the median localization volume (90% credible region) is expected to be on the order of \(10^{5}, 10^{6}, 10^{7}\mathrm {\ Mpc}^3\) for binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems, respectively. The localization volume in O4 is expected to be about a factor two smaller than in O3. We predict a detection count of \(1^{+12}_{-1}\)(\(10^{+52}_{-10}\)) for binary neutron star mergers, of \(0^{+19}_{-0}\)(\(1^{+91}_{-1}\)) for neutron star–black hole mergers, and \(17^{+22}_{-11}\)(\(79^{+89}_{-44}\)) for binary black hole mergers in a one-calendar-year observing run of the HLV network during O3 (HLVK network during O4). We evaluate sensitivity and localization expectations for unmodeled signal searches, including the search for intermediate mass black hole binary mergers.

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来源期刊
Living Reviews in Relativity
Living Reviews in Relativity 物理-物理:粒子与场物理
CiteScore
69.90
自引率
0.70%
发文量
0
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Living Reviews in Relativity is a peer-reviewed, platinum open-access journal that publishes reviews of research across all areas of relativity. Directed towards the scientific community at or above the graduate-student level, articles are solicited from leading authorities and provide critical assessments of current research. They offer annotated insights into key literature and describe available resources, maintaining an up-to-date suite of high-quality reviews, thus embodying the "living" aspect of the journal's title. Serving as a valuable tool for the scientific community, Living Reviews in Relativity is often the first stop for researchers seeking information on current work in relativity. Written by experts, the reviews cite, explain, and assess the most relevant resources in a given field, evaluating existing work and suggesting areas for further research. Attracting readers from the entire relativity community, the journal is useful for graduate students conducting literature surveys, researchers seeking the latest results in unfamiliar fields, and lecturers in need of information and visual materials for presentations at all levels.
期刊最新文献
Recent developments in mathematical aspects of relativistic fluids Gravity experiments with radio pulsars Post-Newtonian theory for gravitational waves Theoretical and experimental constraints for the equation of state of dense and hot matter Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity and post-Newtonian dynamics of compact binaries
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