柔孢孢子的补偿性光合作用Rydb。奇瓦瓦沙漠北部模拟草食

Botanical Gazette Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI:10.1086/337890
R. Senock, W. Sisson, G. B. Donart
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引用次数: 41

摘要

测定了奇瓦瓦沙漠北部弯曲孢子草(Sporobolus flexuosus)植株叶片净光合作用(Pn)、对水汽的电导率、水势、冠层内太阳辐射穿透率和生物量产量。部分落叶植物的再生受到限制,因为任何实质性降水的延迟,直到生长季节相对较晚和植物发育成熟期时才会发生落叶。脱叶后4 d,部分脱叶植株与对照植株的Pn无显著差异,但在第18和34 d,脱叶植株的Pn比对照植株同龄叶片高35%。然而,处理之间的显著差异直到正午入射太阳辐射最大时才出现。日综合太阳辐射穿透量平均分别占开阔地总辐照度的66%和32%。在部分落叶植物的冠层内,落叶的直接效应和光照水平增加的间接效应可能同时促进了补偿性光合作用。本研究中明显的补偿光合作用不是由于电导的变化或植物水分状况的改善。叶片电导率在处理间无显著差异,但在所有3个样品日,部分落叶植株的叶片水势均比对照植株负20% ~ 30%。本研究结果表明,尽管在野外常见的次优环境条件下,补偿光合作用可能是落叶阔叶草的共同反应。
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Compensatory Photosynthesis of Sporobolus flexuosus (Thurb.) Rydb. Following Simulated Herbivory in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert
Leaf net photosynthesis (Pn), conductance to water vapor, water potential, solar radiation penetration within the canopy, and biomass production of Sporobolus flexuosus plants in the northern Chihuahuan Desert were measured 4, 18, and 34 d following removal of one-half of all shoots. Regrowth in partially defoliated plants was limited because of a delay in any substantial precipitation until relatively late in the growing season and the mature stage of plant development at the time of defoliation. There were no differences in Pn between partially defoliated and control plants 4 d after defoliation but on days 18 and 34, Pn rates of defoliated plants were 35% higher than for leaves of similar age on control plants. However, significant differences between treatments did not occur until midday when incident solar radiation was greatest. Daily integrated solar radiation penetration within the canopy of defoliated and control plants averaged 66% and 32%, respectively, of the total irradiance received in the open. The simultaneous direct effects of defoliation and indirect effects of increased irradiance levels within the canopy of partially defoliated plants may have contributed concurrently to the compensatory photosynthesis. Compensatory photosynthesis evident in this study was not due to changes in conductance or improvements in plant water status. There were no differences between treatments in leaf conductance but, on all three sample days, leaf water potentials of partially defoliated plants were 20%-30% more negative than those of control plants. Results of this study indicate that compensatory photosynthesis may be a common response in defoliated range grasses despite the suboptimal environmental conditions common in the field.
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