东乌克兰河水系棘泥鳅聚落结构及二倍体和多倍体种群的交替特征

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Zoodiversity Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.15407/zoo2022.04.331
S. Mezhzherin, D. Kryvokhyzha, A. Tsyba, O. Rostovskaya
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引用次数: 0

摘要

采用同酶分析和细胞计数技术研究了乌克兰东部水系棘泥鳅(Cobitis属)二倍体-倍体复合体和Sabanjeewia aurata的结构。研究了来自第聂伯河左上支流、顿涅茨盆地、亚速海沿岸河流和第聂伯河下游的39个样本和1412个样本。鉴定出超种带绦虫的代表种(占全部研究标本的51.6%)。C melanoleuca(4.1%)、S. aurata(1.1%)、异源二倍体C.(超种带绦虫)× C melanoleuca(0.3%)和两组多倍体杂交种(46.4%)。eet群主要包括C. elongatoides - 2带绦虫和C. elongatoides - taenia - tanaitica。eet组(2.8%)仅以C. elongatoides - 2 tanaitica生物型为代表。在顿涅茨河下游和第聂伯河下游,带绦虫和塔纳蒂卡绦虫之间存在一个渐进杂交区。聚落的结构随流域的不同而不同,多倍体频率分别呈向子午方向递减的趋势。通过对1938年在亚速海沿岸河流采集的泥鳅样本和1971年在顿涅茨河中部采集的泥鳅样本的分析,得出上述地区多倍体在1960- 70年代出现的结论。二倍体-多倍体聚落结构具有选择性。更常见的是,二倍体或多倍体占优势。多倍体对人为气候变化的耐受性较强,可能是造成聚落双极性的主要原因。
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Spined Loache Settlements Structure (Cobitidae) of the Eastern Ukraine River Systems and Alternative Character of Diploid and Polyploids Populations
The structure of spined loaches diploid-poliploid complex of Cobitis genera representatives as well as Sabanjeewia aurata of the Eastern Ukraine river systems were investigated by allozyme analysis and cytometry. In total 39 samples and 1412 specimens from the upper left tributaries of the Dnieper River, the Donets Basin, the coastal rivers of the Azov Sea and the Lower Dnieper were studied. We identified the representatives of C. (superspecies taenia) (51,6% of all researched specimens). C melanoleuca (4,1%), S. aurata (1,1%), allodiploids C. (superspecies taenia) × C melanoleuca (0,3%) and two groups of polyploid hybrids (46,4%). EET-group includs mainly C. elongatoides – 2 taenia and C. elongatoides – taenia – tanaitica. EET-group (2,8%) is represented only by C. elongatoides – 2 tanaitica biotype. In the Lower Donets and the Lower Dnieper, there is a zone of introgressive hybridization between C. taenia and C. tanaitica. The structure of settlements differs accordingly to the river basins and has a tendency to decreasing of polyploids frequency respetivly to meridional direction. The analysis of loaches samples from the coastal rivers of the Azov Sea collected in 1938 and samples from the Middle part of the Donets River in 1971 leads to the conclusion that polyploids in mentioned above regions appeared in 1960-1970s. The structure of diploid-polyploid settlements has an alternative character. More often, there is a predominance of diploids or polyploids. The reason of such bipolarity of settlements could be as reproductive displacement so a relatively strong tolerance of polyploids to anthropogenic climate change.
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来源期刊
Zoodiversity
Zoodiversity Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
29
审稿时长
8 weeks
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