创业融资机会与营商环境对国家创新发展和国民财富的影响

IF 1.2 Q4 MANAGEMENT Marketing and Management of Innovations Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.21272/mmi.2022.4-10
V. Nazarov, J. Hajiyev, S. Mammadova, V. Ahadov, Shadiyye Amanova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

新冠肺炎疫情给世界各国经济增长和国民财富带来负面影响。2020年,全球人均GDP增长率为- 4.3%,阿塞拜疆为-5%。然而,在2021年,这一比例分别为4.8%和5.5%,表明阿塞拜疆的经济潜力。与此同时,在全球创新指数排名中,阿塞拜疆在132个国家中仅排名第80位,这是不够的,需要该国进一步的创新发展。此外,阿塞拜疆在190个国家的营商环境排名中排名第34位。然而,根据世界银行的企业调查,23.7%的阿塞拜疆公司选择融资渠道作为他们最大的障碍。与此同时,世界平均指数为14.2%,欧洲和中亚平均指数为9.4%。因此,本研究旨在证明创业融资机会和商业环境对国家创新发展和国民财富的正向影响假说。第一阶段采用Scopus数据库、VOSviewer和谷歌Trends等工具进行文献计量学分析。在第二阶段,形成了20个国家的样本。它包括全球创新指数排名前10位的高收入经济体(作为创新发展的基准国家,阿塞拜疆应该提高其地位)和中高收入经济体(类似于阿塞拜疆)的前10位领导者。该信息库由世界银行、世界知识产权组织和世界经济论坛过去10年的数据组成。在第三阶段,进行相关分析,以确定创业融资机会指标与商业环境之间的关系(中小企业融资,风险资本可用性,国内对私营部门的信贷,做生意的便利性,创业的便利性,获得信贷的便利性,解决破产的便利性,保护少数投资者,新有限责任公司的数量,新企业密度)、国家创新发展指标(全球创新指数)和国民财富指标(人均总财富)。第四阶段,根据回归建模结果确定创业融资机会和营商环境对国家创新发展和国民财富的影响。获得的结果可能对科学家进一步研究这个问题和政府官员改善国家的经济政策有用。
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The Impact of Entrepreneurship Financial Opportunities and Business Environment on the Country’s Innovation Development and National Wealth
The Covid-19 pandemic caused negative consequences for the economic growth and national wealth of countries worldwide. In 2020 the GDP per capita growth was -4,3% worldwide and -5% in Azerbaijan. However, in 2021, it was 4,8% and 5,1% in accordance, indicating Azerbaijan’s economic potential. At the same time, Azerbaijan takes only 80th place from 132 countries in the Global Innovation Index Rank, which is not sufficient and requires further innovation development of the country. Also, Azerbaijan is the 34th of 190 countries in the Ease of Doing Business rank. Still, according to the Enterprise Surveys made by the World Bank, 23,7% of firms in Azerbaijan choose access to finance as their biggest obstacle. At the same time, the average world indicator is 14,2%, and the average one in Europe and Central Asia is 9,4%. Therefore, this research aims to prove the hypothesis about the positive impact of entrepreneurship financial opportunities and the business environment on the country’s innovation development and national wealth. In the first stage, a bibliometric and analytical analysis was carried out using the tools of the Scopus database, the VOSviewer, and Google Trends. In the second stage, a sample of 20 countries was formed. It includes the top 10 leaders in the Global Innovation Index Rank with high-income economies (as benchmark countries for innovation development, according to which Azerbaijan should increase its position) and the top 10 leaders with upper-middle-income economies (similar to Azerbaijan). The informational base consists of data from the World Bank, the World Intellectual Property Organization, and the World Economic Forum for the last 10 available years. In the third stage, the correlation analysis was made to identify the relationship between the indicators of entrepreneurship financial opportunities and business environment (financing of SMEs, venture capital availability, domestic credit to the private sector, ease of doing business, ease of starting a business, ease of getting credit, ease of resolving insolvency, protecting minority investors, number of new limited liability companies, new business density) and the indicators of the country’s innovation development (Global Innovation Index) and national wealth (total wealth per capita). And at the fourth stage, the impact of entrepreneurship financial opportunities and business environment on the country’s innovation development and national wealth was determined based on regression modeling results. The obtained results could be useful for scientists in further research on this issue and for government officials in improving the state’s economic policy.
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