Utility of personalized medicine in cardiology practice

Significant changes have taken place in cardiology over the past 15 years within the framework of a personalized approach to the management of patients with cardiovascular diseases. This review provides up-to-date information on the genetic aspects of the development of various cardiovascular diseases, including heart and vascular malformations, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, thrombosis, and some others. In the current paper cardiovascular pathologies are divided according to the etiological principle into the chromosomal, monogenic and polygenic diseases. The problems of introducing intensively developing genetic technologies and medical genetic counseling into the practice of cardiologists, as well as the appropriate and rational usage and interpretation of genetic tests, remain actual issue. The necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of cardiological patients with close cooperation of a cardiologist and a clinical geneticist is shown. Key words: cardiogenetics, hereditary diseases, cardiology, cardiovascular diseases, chromosomal diseases, gene diseases, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, arterial hypertension, thrombosis, personalized medicine, mutations, polymorphisms