Effectiveness of different cementation techniques on the amount of remaining excess cement depending on the crown-abutment margin level

Backgraund/Aim. One of the inconvenience of the cement retained fixed implant supported restorations is the residual cement which is found on the superstructure after the cementation procedure and was considered as a risk factor for the occurrence of periimplantitis. Methods. The research was conducted in vitro conditions on casts obtained after implant placement. The abutments are (milled) at the level of the gingiva, subgingivally 1.5 mm and subgingivally 3 mm. Zirconium dioxide ceramic restorations were cemented with the standard cementation technique, the cementation technique using teflon tape and the precementation method using a replica of the abutment made using the silicone and 3D printed replica. The amount of residual cement was measured by photograph analysis. Adobe Photoshop was used for software analysis of photographs and determination of cement surface. Statistical procedures were performed in the SPSS program and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for data analysis. Results. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of cementation techniques at the gingival margin level revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in the amount of residual cement in relation to the cementation technique (p < 0.001). Analyzing the cementation technique effectiveness at the level of finis line the 1.5 mm subgyngivaly it was established that there was a statistically significant difference in the amount of residual cement compared to the cementation technique (p = 0.001). Comparing the effectiveness of cementing techniques at the 3 mm subgingival finish line level, it was established that there was a statistically significant difference in the amount of residual cement compared to the cementing technique (p < 0.001). Conclusion. Subgingival localization significantly affects the amount of residual cement in fixed prosthetic restorations on implants. Applying precementing techniques significantly reduces the amount of residual cement.