Factors of Successful Treatment Using the Bone Lid Technique in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Pilot Study

This study aimed to investigate the success factors of the bone lid surgery technique in the maxillofacial region. A retrospective cohort study was performed on 30 maxillofacial patients who underwent bone lid surgery between January 2014 and December 2019 at our hospital. The predictor variables consisted of clinical factors that were classified as attribute (age and sex), health status (smoking and alcohol intake), anatomical (maxillary/mandibular site, left/right side, and cortical bone thickness), lesion (lesion size, location, and pathological diagnosis), and treatment variables (differences in absorbable osteosynthesis materials). The outcome variable was the incidence of bone lid necrosis after surgery. Various risk factors for postoperative bone lid necrosis were investigated statistically. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Postoperative bone lid necrosis was observed in three patients (10.0%). No significant differences in the attribute, anatomical, and treatment status variables were noted. Significant differences were observed between smoking (p=0.005) and alcohol intake (p=0.003) in the health status variables. There was a significant difference in the distance of the lesion from the alveolar bone crest in the lesion variables (p=0.037). Smoking and alcohol consumption were the health status variables found to be risk factors for bone lid necrosis. In addition, proximity to the alveolar crest was also a risk factor for lesion development.