园艺研究在缓解全球粮食和经济危机中的作用

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Italus Hortus Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0102
B. Basile, C. Andreotti, H. Rogers, Y. Rouphael
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The main challenges ahead are (a) increasing crop productivity, (b) improving the nutritional content of crops, (c) fostering economic growth and income generation, and (d) mitigating climate change impact on crops. Horticultural research will have to continue to have a pivotal role in enhancing crop productivity through various means. The development of improved crop varieties with enhanced yield potential, disease resistance, and tolerance to environmental stresses is the key factor to enable farmers to produce more food per unit of land. Additionally, research into innovative cultivation techniques, such as precision agriculture, hydroponics, and vertical farming, has the potential to significantly increase crop productivity in limited spaces. Horticultural research will also play a critical role in improving the nutritional content of crops, which is vital for combating malnutrition and promoting public health. Scientists need to focus on breeding programs with a focus on the enhancement of the vitamin, mineral, and phytonutrient content of horticultural products. By developing biofortified crops and promoting their cultivation, horticultural research can positively impact on human health, lowering healthcare costs linked to diet-related illnesses. Horticultural research also needs to increase and exploit its potential to foster economic growth and income generation at various levels. The horticulture sector provides employment opportunities, in rural and in urban areas, thereby reducing poverty and improving livelihoods. Horticultural research is expected to facilitate the development of value-added products and create new market opportunities. This can contribute to economic diversification and resilience, leading to increased stability during times of crisis. Finally, as climate change poses significant challenges to global food production, horticultural research has to play a crucial role in developing climate-resilient crops and modifying cultivation practices. By identifying and breeding climate-tolerant genotypes (cultivars and rootstocks), optimizing water and nutrient management, and implementing sustainable pest and disease control strategies, horticultural research helps ensure food security even in the face of changing climatic conditions. Moreover, the adoption of climate-smart horticulture practices is a concrete contribution to greenhouse gas mitigation and the preservation of natural resources. These aspects are particularly relevant considering that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted global food systems and economies, amplifying the urgency of horticultural research in mitigating post-pandemic challenges. Longer term, horticultural research can improve sustainable land-use practices, reducing deforestation, and conserving biodiversity. The contribution of Italus Hortus to scientific research in horticulture In 2022, Italus Hortus completed its third year of publishing activity since it became an international journal in horticultural science. In this year, the journal had an intense editorial activity that resulted in a total of 20 published papers (9 Reviews, 9 Original Research Papers, and 2 Brief Research Reports) and 1 Editorial (Figure 1A). Between 2020 and 2023, Italus Hortus has had an increasing international contribution with the percent of published papers having corresponding authors based in countries different from Italy that passed from 29% (2020) to 43% (2021), and then to 67% (2022). Furthermore, in the same period, the performance of Italus Hortus in the ranking of bibliometric indicators has steadily improved. 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Horticultural research also needs to increase and exploit its potential to foster economic growth and income generation at various levels. The horticulture sector provides employment opportunities, in rural and in urban areas, thereby reducing poverty and improving livelihoods. Horticultural research is expected to facilitate the development of value-added products and create new market opportunities. This can contribute to economic diversification and resilience, leading to increased stability during times of crisis. Finally, as climate change poses significant challenges to global food production, horticultural research has to play a crucial role in developing climate-resilient crops and modifying cultivation practices. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球社会面临着对粮食生产和经济稳定不断增长的需求。人口的快速增长、气候变化和资源的紧张加剧了对创新解决方案的需求。如今的园艺研究是一个多方面的、广泛的领域,包括生物学、生态学、水果、蔬菜和观赏植物的栽培,以及植物育种、作物生产、植物生理学和植物病理学等一系列主题的科学研究。由于世界正在以前所未有的速度变化,园艺科学家将需要迅速调整他们的研究以满足未来的需求。未来的主要挑战是(a)提高作物生产力,(b)改善作物的营养成分,(c)促进经济增长和创收,以及(d)减轻气候变化对作物的影响。园艺研究必须继续通过各种手段在提高作物生产力方面发挥关键作用。开发具有更高产量潜力、抗病性和对环境胁迫的耐受性的改良作物品种是使农民能够在单位土地上生产更多粮食的关键因素。此外,对创新栽培技术的研究,如精准农业、水培和垂直农业,有可能在有限的空间内显著提高作物产量。园艺研究还将在改善作物营养成分方面发挥关键作用,这对防治营养不良和促进公众健康至关重要。科学家们需要把重点放在育种计划上,重点放在提高园艺产品的维生素、矿物质和植物营养素含量上。通过开发生物强化作物并促进其种植,园艺研究可以对人类健康产生积极影响,降低与饮食相关疾病相关的医疗成本。园艺研究还需要增加和利用其潜力,在各个层面促进经济增长和创收。园艺部门在农村和城市地区提供就业机会,从而减少贫困和改善生计。园艺研究有望促进增值产品的开发,并创造新的市场机会。这有助于经济多样化和恢复力,从而在危机时期增强稳定。最后,由于气候变化给全球粮食生产带来了重大挑战,园艺研究必须在开发适应气候变化的作物和改进耕作方法方面发挥关键作用。通过鉴定和培育耐气候基因型(品种和砧木)、优化水和养分管理以及实施可持续的病虫害控制战略,园艺研究有助于确保即使在气候条件不断变化的情况下也能确保粮食安全。此外,采用气候智能型园艺做法是对减少温室气体排放和保护自然资源的具体贡献。鉴于2019冠状病毒病大流行严重扰乱了全球粮食系统和经济,园艺研究在缓解大流行后挑战方面的紧迫性进一步加大,这些方面尤为重要。从长远来看,园艺研究可以改善可持续的土地利用做法,减少森林砍伐,保护生物多样性。2022年,Italus Hortus完成了自成为国际园艺科学期刊以来的第三个年头的出版活动。本年度,本刊编辑活动密集,共发表论文20篇(综述9篇,原创研究论文9篇,简要研究报告2篇),社论1篇(图1A)。从2020年到2023年,Italus Hortus的国际贡献越来越大,通讯作者来自意大利以外国家的发表论文比例从29%(2020年)上升到43%(2021年),再到67%(2022年)。此外,在同一时期,Italus Hortus在文献计量指标排名中的表现稳步提高。编辑委员会致力于对上述研究重点给予适当关注。该杂志还欢迎关于已建立或新兴领域的论文,如植物药用、环境修复和空间探索。随着园艺研究领域的不断发展,我们可以期待在未来几年看到更多创新和令人兴奋的进展。Italus Hortus的编辑感谢Brunella Morandi教授(意大利博洛尼亚大学)和Giandomenico Corrado教授(那不勒斯费代里科二世大学)担任Italus Hortus的客座副编辑,对2022年提交的一些手稿进行了编辑。
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The role of horticultural research in mitigating global food and economic crises
The global community faces an ever-increasing demand for food production and economic stability. The rapid population growth, climate change, and resource constraints have escalated the need for innovative solutions. Horticultural research is nowadays a multifaceted and broad field that encompasses the scientific study of the biology, the ecology, and the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, as well as a range of topics such as plant breeding, crop production, plant physiology, and plant pathology. As the world is changing at an unprecedented pace, horticultural scientists will need to rapidly adapt their research to meet the needs of the future. The main challenges ahead are (a) increasing crop productivity, (b) improving the nutritional content of crops, (c) fostering economic growth and income generation, and (d) mitigating climate change impact on crops. Horticultural research will have to continue to have a pivotal role in enhancing crop productivity through various means. The development of improved crop varieties with enhanced yield potential, disease resistance, and tolerance to environmental stresses is the key factor to enable farmers to produce more food per unit of land. Additionally, research into innovative cultivation techniques, such as precision agriculture, hydroponics, and vertical farming, has the potential to significantly increase crop productivity in limited spaces. Horticultural research will also play a critical role in improving the nutritional content of crops, which is vital for combating malnutrition and promoting public health. Scientists need to focus on breeding programs with a focus on the enhancement of the vitamin, mineral, and phytonutrient content of horticultural products. By developing biofortified crops and promoting their cultivation, horticultural research can positively impact on human health, lowering healthcare costs linked to diet-related illnesses. Horticultural research also needs to increase and exploit its potential to foster economic growth and income generation at various levels. The horticulture sector provides employment opportunities, in rural and in urban areas, thereby reducing poverty and improving livelihoods. Horticultural research is expected to facilitate the development of value-added products and create new market opportunities. This can contribute to economic diversification and resilience, leading to increased stability during times of crisis. Finally, as climate change poses significant challenges to global food production, horticultural research has to play a crucial role in developing climate-resilient crops and modifying cultivation practices. By identifying and breeding climate-tolerant genotypes (cultivars and rootstocks), optimizing water and nutrient management, and implementing sustainable pest and disease control strategies, horticultural research helps ensure food security even in the face of changing climatic conditions. Moreover, the adoption of climate-smart horticulture practices is a concrete contribution to greenhouse gas mitigation and the preservation of natural resources. These aspects are particularly relevant considering that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted global food systems and economies, amplifying the urgency of horticultural research in mitigating post-pandemic challenges. Longer term, horticultural research can improve sustainable land-use practices, reducing deforestation, and conserving biodiversity. The contribution of Italus Hortus to scientific research in horticulture In 2022, Italus Hortus completed its third year of publishing activity since it became an international journal in horticultural science. In this year, the journal had an intense editorial activity that resulted in a total of 20 published papers (9 Reviews, 9 Original Research Papers, and 2 Brief Research Reports) and 1 Editorial (Figure 1A). Between 2020 and 2023, Italus Hortus has had an increasing international contribution with the percent of published papers having corresponding authors based in countries different from Italy that passed from 29% (2020) to 43% (2021), and then to 67% (2022). Furthermore, in the same period, the performance of Italus Hortus in the ranking of bibliometric indicators has steadily improved. The Editorial Board is committed to giving proper attention to the above mentioned research priorities. The journal also welcomes papers on well-established or emerging areas such as the use of plants for medicinal purposes, environmental remediation, and space exploration. As the field of horticultural research continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more innovative and exciting advances in the years to come. The Editors of Italus Hortus are grateful to prof. Brunella Morandi (University of Bologna, Italy) and prof. Giandomenico Corrado (University of Naples Federico II) for having served Italus Hortus as Guest Associate Editors for some of the manuscripts submitted in 2022.
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来源期刊
Italus Hortus
Italus Hortus Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
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