Molecular Mechanisms of Pathways in Diabetic Nephropathy Development in Patients with T2DM -A Review

Diabetic nephropathy is related to increased mortality in diabetic patients and may be a major reason for end stage renal disease in most countries. The consequence of the combination of metabolic and hemodynamic pathway tends to be diabetic nephropathy. Glucose dependent pathways are activated with in diabetic kidney. This involves growing oxidative stress, and advanced glycated end-product accumulation. The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy also includes elevated systemic and intraglomerular pressure and also activation of multiple vasoactive hormone pathways, such as renin-angiotensin and endothelin. The aim of this review analysis is to gather knowledge of the molecular pathways and the factors involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.