承认精神健康证据以弹劾性侵原告的可信度

IF 2.5 2区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences University of Pennsylvania Law Review Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI:10.2307/4150616
Tess Wilkinson‐Ryan
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引用次数: 4

摘要

1970年版的《威格摩尔论证据》(Wigmore on Evidence)提出,强奸案中的每一位女性原告都应该接受精神检查,并在其解释中呼应了世纪之交的精神分析学家:“不贞洁(让我们称之为)的心态在虚构的性事件中得到了偶然但直接的表达,叙述者是其中的女主角或受害者。”换句话说,一些女性错误地指控男性强奸,是因为有意或无意地将性幻想与暴力犯罪混为一谈。本评论的焦点,以及强奸审判中相当有争议和困难的焦点,是被告声称申诉人同意性交时的证据程序。撇开定义同意的哲学问题不谈,在没有身体伤害的情况下,犯罪的唯一相关证据将是被告和检察官的证词。最近的改革试图解决这一问题。例如,联邦证据规则第413条允许检察官提出辩护
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Admitting Mental Health Evidence to Impeach the Credibility of a Sexual Assault Complainant
The 1970 edition of Wigmore on Evidence offers the proposition that every female complainant in a rape prosecution should be subject to a psychiatric examination and echoes turn-of-the century psychoanalysts in its explanation: “The unchaste (let us call it) mentality finds incidental but direct expression in the narration of imaginary sex incidents of which the narrator is the heroine or victim.” In other words, some women falsely accuse men of rape because, either intentionally or inadvertently, they have confused a sexual fantasy with a violent crime. The focus of this Comment, and the focus of considerable controversy and difficulty in rape trials, is evidentiary procedure when the defendant claims that the complainant consented to the intercourse. Putting aside the philosophical problem of defining consent, in the absence of physical injuries the only relevant evidence of the crime will be testimony from the defendant and the prosecutrix. Recent reforms have attempted to address this situation. Federal Rule of Evidence 413, for example, permits prosecutors to introduce a defen-
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