Early prognosis of preeclampsia risk based on visual disorders and hemostatic abnormalities

Aim: to analyze subjective and objective parameters of eye functioning and evaluate the role of hemostasis abnormalities for shaping groups of high risk for preeclampsia. Patients and Methods: 58 women were examined (history taking, eye and obstetric-gynecological exams, lab tests) to assess their ocular, somatic, and reproductive status and pregnancy course in the third trimester. Twenty-five women were diagnosed with preeclampsia: 13 women without ametropia at baseline were included in group 2, and 12 women with myopia prior to pregnancy were included in group 3. Controls were pregnant women without preeclampsia, i.e., 18 women with healthy pregnancy but no myopia, and 15 pregnant women without preeclampsia but with myopia. In addition, fibrinogen, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC), and platelets were measured. Results: subjective and objective symptoms of visual disorders in pregnant women associated with hemostatic abnormalities were identified. These signs are considered preeclampsia predictors. The history of reproductive loss, headaches, and visual disorders during pregnancy are typical for preeclampsia women. Most susceptible individuals are women with preeclampsia and myopia who present with complaints of floaters, scotomas, photopsia, and diplopia. These signs illustrate vascular ischemia. Other relevant parameters are reduced platelet count (p<0.01) and APTT (p<0.01), and increased fibrinogen (p<0.01) and SFMC (p<0.002). Conclusion: careful diagnosis of cerebral neurological signs and visual disorders allows for timely diagnostic search and valid peripheral blood and hemostasis testing to improve management of these women and shape risk groups of preeclampsia without lethal complications. KEYWORDS: eye, eye fundus, myopia, photopsia, scotoma, diplopia, reproductive loss, preeclampsia, hemostasis. FOR CITATION: Kudinova E.G., Mozharina K.I. Early prognosis of preeclampsia risk based on visual disorders and hemostatic abnormalities. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(2):100–105 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-2-100-105