发展乌克兰经济中农业食品部门的战略重点

I. Ibatullin, O. Varchenko, I. Artіmonova, N. Vernyuk
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文证明,我国经济中农业食品部门现阶段的发展特点是农业原料和低加工产品(谷物、葵花籽油等)在世界出口中占据强势地位,并对某些深加工产品具有进口依赖。显然,这种情况无助于粮食安全,而且也是提高所研究部门和整个国家的全球竞争力的障碍。有人认为,新的风险、威胁和机遇需要在考虑到当前创新和可持续性趋势的情况下,确定国家经济中农业食品部门发展的战略优先事项。已经确定,畜产品深加工的发展应是肉类加工业的优先事项,并确定了实施深加工的阻碍因素。落实这一战略重点的具体措施是:投产新的屠宰和深加工设施,配备高效节能的创新设备,建立原料(包括副产品)收集组织。确定了牛奶供应链发展的优先方向为:技术再装备,牛奶生产现代化改造,引进资源节约型、环境友好型的工艺路线;建设新的现代化功能的收奶冷却点和初级牛奶加工点,在合作的基础上创建小型牛奶加工商店;原料奶深加工的发展和酪蛋白、乳清粉、乳糖、乳清蛋白等产品生产的创造。指出了粮食和甜菜深加工的发展方向,这将促进产品种类的多样化。事实证明,在当前农业食品部门发展的条件下,在对农业生产者和加工企业的综合支持中,应考虑国家对某些类型生产的监管手段,这将促进供应链各个层面的协同作用。本文认为,农业食品生产的发展将受到科技变革、日益增加的全球挑战、不断增加的粮食需求、该部门生产率增长放缓并减少其资源潜力、城市人口增长和实施可持续发展原则等因素的影响。从战略角度考虑。研究表明,发展农业食品生产中的废弃物处理是重点领域之一,食品消费阶段是确保农业食品生产可持续性和竞争力的必要条件,它将增加附加值,创造新的就业机会,自然环境等。关键词:农业食品部门,战略重点,深加工,肉类和乳制品生产,创新,可持续性。
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Strategic priorities for the development of the agri-food sector of Ukraine's economy
The article proves that the current stage of development of the agro-food sector of the country's economy is characterized by strong positions in world exports of agricultural raw materials and low-processed products (cereals, sunflower oil, etc.) and has import dependence on certain deep-processed products. . It is obvious that this situation does not contribute to food security, but also is an obstacle to increasing the global competitiveness of the studied sector and the country as a whole. It is argued that new risks, threats and opportunities necessitate the substantiation of strategic priorities for the development of the agri-food sector of the country's economy, taking into account current trends of innovation and sustainability. It has been determined that the development of deep processing of livestock products should be a priority in the meat processing industry and the deterrents of its implementation have been identified. Measures to implement this strategic priority are substantiated, namely the commissioning of new facilities for slaughter and deep processing, equipped with high-efficiency energy-saving innovative equipment, setting up the organization of raw material collection (including by-products). It is determined that the priority directions of development of milk supply chains should be: technical re-equipment, modernization and reconstruction of milk production, introduction of resource-saving and environmentally friendly technological lines; construction of new and modernization of functioning milk-receiving cooling and primary milk processing points, creation of small-sized milk processing shops on a cooperative basis; development of deep processing of raw milk and creation of production of such products as casein, whey powder, lactose, whey proteins, etc. The directions of development of deep processing of grain and sugar beets are given, which will promote the diversification of the product range. It is proved that in the current conditions of agri-food sector development the instruments of state regulation of certain types of production should be considered in the complex of support of both agricultural producers and processing enterprises, which will promote synergy for each level of the supply chain. It is argued that the development of agri-food production will be influenced by scientific and technological changes, increasing global challenges, increasing demand for food, slowing productivity growth in the sector and reducing its resource potential, growing urban population and implementing sustainable development principles. take into account in the strategic perspective. It is substantiated that one of the priority areas is the development of the sector of waste processing in agri-food production and food at the stage of consumption is a necessary condition for ensuring sustainability and competitiveness of agri-food production, which will increase added value and create new jobs natural environment, etc. Key words: agri-food sector, strategic priorities, in-depth processing, meat and dairy production, innovation, sustainability.
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