保加利亚黑海地区渔民对渔业和鲸类之间相互作用的看法

IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY Acta Adriatica Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.32582/aa.64.1.5
Zornitsa Zaharieva, Venislava Spasova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

保加利亚的东部完全与黑海接壤,这使它成为一个海洋国家。对当地人来说,保加利亚海岸是一个重要的捕鱼区,渔业和鲸类之间的相互作用潜力很大。鲸类动物造成的掠夺和渔具的损坏可能会给渔民带来巨大的经济损失,而鲸类的副渔获物引起了保护问题。在2016年至2019年期间,我们对当地渔区的渔民进行了面对面的采访,以更好地了解黑海保加利亚部分的渔业-鲸类相互作用。研究的目的是了解当前渔民对鲸类动物的态度,了解当地海洋哺乳动物对不同类型渔具造成的损害,并收集渔民解决问题的建议。为了记录这一切,进行了一项特别设计的结构化调查。结果表明,渔民对鲸类的态度大多是积极的,不受所用渔具类型的影响。我们发现,渔业与鲸类动物的互动是频繁的,特别是与达利安的渔具和刺网的互动。据报道,设置刺网的鲸类副渔获物死亡率最高,最脆弱的物种是红鲸。尽管访谈数据可能由于受访者的看法和经验的差异而存在偏差,因此应谨慎解释,但这种方法使我们能够涵盖鲸类动物与保加利亚渔业之间的多种类型的相互作用。
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Fishermen’s perception of interactions between fisheries and cetaceans in the Bulgarian Black Sea area
The eastern part of Bulgaria entirely borders the Black Sea, which defines it as a maritime country. The Bulgarian coast is an important fishing region for local people and has a high potential for interactions between fisheries and cetaceans. Depredation caused by cetaceans and damage to fishing gears can potentially lead to substantial economic loss for fishermen, while cetacean bycatch raises conservation concerns. Over the period 2016 - 2019, we conducted face-to-face interviews with fishermen in local fishing areas to better understand the fisheries – cetacean interactions in the Bulgarian part of the Black Sea. The research objectives were to identify the current fishermen’s attitudes toward cetaceans, understand the damage caused by local marine mammals to the different types of fishing gear, and gather fishermen’s proposals to resolve the problems. To record all of this, a specially designed structured survey was conducted. The results showed that fishermen’s attitude towards cetaceans was mostly positive and was not influenced by the type of fishing gear used. We found that fisheries - cetacean interactions are frequent, especially with dalyans gear and set gillnets. Cetacean bycatch mortality was reported to be highest for set gillnets, and the most vulnerable species was the Phocoena phocoena. Although interview data may be biased due to differences in perceptions and experience of the interviewees, and therefore should be interpreted with caution, this method allowed us to cover multiple types of interactions between cetaceans and Bulgarian fisheries.
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来源期刊
Acta Adriatica
Acta Adriatica 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
13
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal "Acta Adriatica" is an Open Access journal. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, redistribute, print, search and link to material, and alter, transform, or build upon the material, or use them for any other lawful purpose as long as they attribute the source in an appropriate manner according to the CC BY licence.
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