The occurrence of pollen of Sciadopityaceae Luerss. through time

Here we present LM and SEM data of pollen of extant Sciadopitys verticillata, fossil Cerebropollenites from Aptian/Albian strata (Austria, Mongolia) and Sciadopityspollenites from Campanian/Maastrichtian and Oligocene/Miocene strata (Siberia, Germany). Measurements and image comparisons show that the investigated fossil pollen taxa range from somewhat comparable to very similar to extant Sciadopitys verticillata, and that a previous affiliation of Cerebropollenites taxa with Tsuga cannot be corroborated. Additionally, it can be speculated that either the Rhaetian to Lower Cretaceous Cerebropollenites taxa are the pollen equivalent of the Eurasian Miroviaceae macrofossils that have unresolved relationships with Sciadopityaceae, or that they might belong to a basal group in the Sciadopityaceae, which is quite recognizable due to the similarity of the pollen morphology of Cerebropollenites thiergartii and Sciadopitys verticillata. However, until in situ pollen within cones attributed to the Miroviaceae are found, we will not know for sure.