近似真理vs经验充分性

Seungbae Park
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引用次数: 6

摘要

假设科学现实主义者相信一个成功的理论是近似正确的,而建构经验主义者相信它在经验上是充分的。谁的信念更可能是错误的?不确定性问题无论如何都不能给出这个问题的答案,但悲观归纳法可以。悲观的归纳,如果正确的话,表明成功的理论,无论是过去的还是现在的,都是经验不足的。然而,有争议的是,它们大致是正确的。因此,科学现实主义者总体上比建设性经验主义者承担更少的认知风险。
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Approximate truth vs. empirical adequacy
Suppose that scientific realists believe that a successful theory is approximately true, and that constructive empiricists believe that it is empirically adequate. Whose belief is more likely to be false? The problem of underdetermination does not yield an answer to this question one way or the other, but the pessimistic induction does. The pessimistic induction, if correct, indicates that successful theories, both past and current, are empirically inadequate. It is arguable, however, that they are approximately true. Therefore, scientific realists overall take less epistemic risk than constructive empiricists.
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Epistemologia
Epistemologia 社会科学-科学史与科学哲学
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