Effect of combining acid modification and heat-moisture treatment (HMT) on resistant starch content: A systematic review

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is a metabolic disease that is increasingly attracting public attention. Diabetes mellitus is expected to reach 439 million in the world in 2030. Resistant starch (RS) is an indigestible starch which has health properties which has health properties that can be used for preventing diabetes mellitus type 2. In order to increase the RS content, a dual modification method consisted of acidification and heat moisture treatment (HMT) can be applied. The Acid-HMT method is affected by various factors, i.e., acid types, acid concentration, water content ratio, HMT temperature and HMT processing time, and different treatments may result in different RS yields. This study aimed to analyze the effective treatment in the Acid-HMT dual modification to enhance RS content by using a systematic review based on the PRISMA method. The studies revealed that there were 11 articles (n = 68 data) which utilized various acid types combined with HMT. The utilization of acid-alcohol, HCl, and organic acid such as citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid resulted in different results of RS content in modified starch. In addition to acid types, treatment conditions such as acid concentration, acidification time, acidification temperature, water content ratio, HMT time, and HMT temperature also affected the resulted RS. The treatment with 0.2 M citric acid for 24 hours at 25 ℃ combined with HMT with 30% moisture at 110 ℃ for 8 hours resulted in the highest increase in RS content of modified starch.