Motaleb Hossain, K. Chikita, Yoshitaka Sakata, Takuto Miyamoto, Yasuhiro Ochiai
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引用次数: 4
摘要
为了阐明构造运动下汇水区地下水渗漏和河流径流的发生机制,对日本北海道大马奈河流域(面积62.6 km 2)的森林(面积88.3%)进行了水平衡估算。集水区地质条件为早中新世至上新世部分高渗透沉积基岩,并伴有现今活动断裂。考虑地形对流域热平衡的影响,将单层模型应用于2011年和2012年降水季节的气象资料,计算了流域日蒸散量E。与河流径流事件的短期水平衡方法相结合,使我们能够估计地下水通过断层和基岩渗漏到其他集水区。因此,2011年的渗漏量相当于有效降雨量(=P−E: P,降雨量)的50% - 80%,而2012年则更低或为负值。泄漏的估计值当时包括了大约80%的变异性。2012年,浅层地下水储存库似乎在无降雨期间保持了较高的基流。
Groundwater Leakage and River Runoff in a Catchment Influenced by Tectonic Movement
In order to clarify how groundwater leakage and river runoff occur in a catchment under tectonic movement, the water balance was estimated in the forested (88.3% in area) Oikamanai River cat- chment (area, 62.6 km 2 ), Hokkaido, Japan. The catchment's geology is early Miocene to Pliocene sedimentary bedrock of partly high permeability, accompanied by currently active faults. Daily evapotranspiration, E, in water balance was calculated by applying the one-layer model to meteo- rological data in the rainfall season of 2011 and 2012, with the topographic influence on heat bal- ance of the catchment considered. The coupling with the short-term water balance method for riv- er runoff events allows us to estimate groundwater leaking to the other catchments through the faults and bedrock. As a result, the leakage corresponded to 50% - 80% of effective rainfall (=P − E: P, rainfall) in 2011, whereas it was lower or negative in 2012. The estimate of leakage then in- cluded variability of ca. 80%. In 2012, shallow groundwater storage seems to retain high baseflow during non-rainfall.