作为喀斯特档案的洞穴沉积物和化石:Urșilor和Muierilor洞穴,罗马尼亚

Marius Robu
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摘要

在过去的八年中,正在罗马尼亚的Ursilor和Muierilor洞穴进行一项持续的跨学科研究。这项沉积学、地貌学和地质年代学研究旨在更好地了解MIS 3化石堆积的地层学及其古气候背景。这两个地点包含复杂类型的化石死亡-原位,次生或混合。采用了许多此类多学科研究的典型调查方法:对化石骨进行AMS 14C直接测年(N = 42),对相关洞穴主题进行U/Th测年(N = 4),对沉积物进行termoluminiscence测年(OSL;N=7)、洞穴沉积物理化性质分析、岩石磁性分析、洞熊骨胶原的稳定同位素分析(δ15N和δ13C;N=125)、评估骨组合特性的地形学方法(MNI、NISP、ISD、长骨定向等)、高分辨率骨测量、洞熊生物符号的激光扫描等。
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Cave sediments and fossils as karst archives: the Urșilor and Muierilor caves, Romania
During the last eight years an ongoing interdisciplinary research is being carried out at the Ursilor and Muierilor caves, Romania. This sedimentological, geomorphological and geochronological study aims at better understanding of the taphonomy of the MIS 3 fossil accumulations and their palaeoclimate context. The two sites contain complex types of fossil thanatocoenosis - in situ, secondary or mixt. Numerous methods of investigation, typical for this type of multidisciplinary research were applied: AMS 14C direct dating on fossil bone (N = 42), U/Th dating of the relevant speleothems (N = 4), termoluminiscence for dating sediments (OSL; N=7), analysis of physical and chemical properties of cave sediments, rock magnetism, stable isotope analyses on the cave bear’s bone collagen (δ15N and δ13C; N=125), taphonomic methods for assessing the bone assemblage’s properties (MNI, NISP, ISD, long bone orientation etc.), high resolution osteometry, laser scanning of the cave bear’ bioglyphs etc.
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