伊斯兰教法中的穆哈拉与TMK中的自愿离婚比较

Hatice Alsaç
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引用次数: 1

摘要

Mukhalaa/自愿离婚指的是终止婚姻合同,以换取妻子给丈夫的一笔代价,但须得到妻子的同意。用mukhalaa来结束婚姻是赋予女性结束她不想继续的婚姻的权利。诉诸mukhalaa的原因,其合法性是直接与古兰经和圣训规定的,也是伊吉哈德在许多方面的主题,主要表现为配偶之间的不相容和冲突。如果冲突的根源是丈夫,丈夫向妻子施压要求mukhalaa是被禁止的。显然,也禁止丈夫强迫妻子做mukhalaa,并强迫妻子要求支付费用以结束婚姻。这清楚地表明,当事人的自由意志必须得到提出和保存。在这一点上,虽然它与双方的意愿直接相关,但法官的出席对于澄清情况是重要的。
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Comparison with Mukhalaa in Islamic Law and Consensual Divorce in TMK
Mukhalaa/consensual divorce means the termination of the marriage contract in exchange for a price that the wife will give to her husband, subject to the wife’s acceptance. Ending the marriage with the mukhalaa is a right given to the woman to end a marriage she does not want to continue. The reason for resorting to mukhalaa, whose legitimacy is laid down directly with the Qur'an and sunnah and which is also the subject of ijtihad in many respects, is mostly shown as incompatibility and conflict between the spouses. If the source of the conflict is the husband, it is forbidden, for the husband to pressure his wife for the mukhalaa. It is obviously stated that it is also forbidden for the husband to force his wife to do mukhalaa, and to force the wife to ask for a fee to end the marriage. This clearly shows that the free will of the parties must be presented and preserved. At this point, although it is directly linked to the will of the sides, the presence of the judge is important for clarifying the situation.
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