土壤科学与景观科学中的系统方法

IF 0.6 4区 管理学 Q3 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Knowledge Organization Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2023-1-34
A. Nikiforova, M. Fleis, Nina K. Belyonova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文描述了系统方法在两个密切相关的科学学科——土壤科学和景观科学中的现状。这表明,尽管人们普遍认识到需要应用系统方法来解决这些学科的局部理论和实践问题,但它仍然没有实现。这表现在:将土壤视为系统而非高阶系统的要素,将基本景观要素与其属性混合在一起,将景观系统和要素视为空间异质形成,对土壤和景观系统的涌现特性、结构、层次的不同理解,以及由于缺乏统一的系统定义、基本分类系统、一致的多比尺全球地图,最后是土壤和景观可持续管理、保护和评估的分层决策系统。研究表明,造成这种情况的主要原因是哲学中围绕系统方法的概念术语混淆。在文章的最后,作者分享了在土壤科学和景观科学中应用系统方法的经验。
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The Systems Approach in Soil Science and Landscape Science
The article describes the current state of the systems approach in two closely related scientific disciplines - soil science and landscape science. It is shown that, despite the widespread recognition of the need to apply the systems approach to solving topical theoretical and practical problems in these disciplines, it remains unrealized. This is manifested in the prevailing view of soils as systems rather than as elements of higher-order systems, the mixing of the basic landscape elements with their properties, the recognition of landscape systems and elements as spatially heterogeneous formations, the different understanding of emergent properties, structure, hierarchy of soil and landscape systems, and, as a result, in the absence of their unified system definitions, basic classification systems, consistent multiscale global maps, and, finally, a hierarchical decision-making system for sustainable management, protection and assessment of soils and landscapes. It is shown that such a situation is largely due to the conceptual-terminological confusion around the systems approach in philosophy. At the end of the article, the authors share their own experience in applying the systems approach in soil science and landscape science.
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来源期刊
Knowledge Organization
Knowledge Organization INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE-
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
28.60%
发文量
7
期刊最新文献
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