噪声及其对人体健康的影响

Q4 Medicine Medicinski Casopis Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.5937/mckg56-38021
S. Stankov, Bogdan Stepančev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

噪声污染会影响人体健康,对人们的日常生活产生影响。噪音是一种令人不愉快的声音,它被定义为对人类健康造成听觉和非听觉影响的不需要的声音。除了在工作场所接触噪音及其连续影响外,噪音作为日常生活中的外源性压力源,对人体健康有各种潜在的负面影响,有暂时的,也有永久的。职业性噪声暴露是造成工人听力损失和耳鸣的主要原因。噪音污染对健康的潜在负面影响包括心理困扰、睡眠障碍、动脉高血压和心血管疾病的发病率增加。此外,接触噪音可能与糖尿病、头痛和肺部疾病的发病率增加有关,卫生中心和医院的噪音可能对医务人员和病人产生影响。噪音污染会对敏感人群产生特定的负面影响,比如自闭症患者和老年人。实施不同的策略和教育计划可以减少噪音对人类健康的潜在负面影响。
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Noise and its influence on human health
Noise pollution can affect human health and have an influence on daily life on people. Being an unpleasant sound, noise is defined as unwanted sound which can cause auditory and non-auditory effects on human health. Apart from the exposure of noise in the workplace and its consecutive effects, noise as an exogenous stressor in everyday life has a various potential negative impacts on human health, both temporary or permanent. Occupational noise exposure mostly causes hearing loss and tinnitus among workers. The potential negative health effects of noise pollution include psychological distress, sleep disturbances, higher incidence of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Also, noise exposure may be associated with an increased incidence of diabetes mellitus, headache, and pulmonary diseases, with possible effects of noise in health centers and hospitals on medical staff and patients. Noise pollution can have specific negative influence on sensitive humans, such as autistic and elderly people. Implementation of the different strategies and educational programs can reduce potential negative effects of noise on human health.
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Medicinski Casopis
Medicinski Casopis Medicine-Medicine (all)
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