基于人的尊严

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY INTERNATIONAL PHILOSOPHICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.5840/IPQ202124163
P. Kucharski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一个人有尊严是什么意思?她的尊严是如何解释的?Linda Zagzebski认为,个人尊严具有无限和不可替代的价值。最初,她将前者的主张建立在理性的力量上,而后者则建立在一个人主观生活经验的独特性上。后来,她把理性的力量和反思意识结合起来。我认为后一种说法是对前一种说法的改进,但两种说法都产生了不必要的问题,因为(1)她将抽象的属性与具体人物实例化的属性混为一谈;(2)她没有认识到不可沟通性或独特性概念中的模糊性。我还认为,对理性的更基本的解释不应该以反思意识的角度来给出,而应该以从普遍的角度来理解细节的能力来给出。
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On the Grounds of a Person’s Dignity
What does it mean to say that a person has dignity, and what explains her dignity? Linda Zagzebski argues that personal dignity entails both infinite and irreplaceable value. Initially she grounds the former claim in the power of rationality and the latter in the uniqueness of one’s subjective lived experience. Later she grounds both in the power of rationality, understood in terms of reflective consciousness. I argue that the latter account is an improvement upon the former but that needless problems arise from both accounts because (1) she conflates properties considered in the abstract with properties instantiated in concrete persons and (2) she fails to recognize an ambiguity in the notion of incommunicability or uniqueness. I also argue that the more fundamental account of rationality should be given not in terms of reflective consciousness but in terms of the ability to understand particulars in light of universals.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: International Philosophical Quarterly has provided a peer-reviewed forum in English for the international exchange of basic philosophical ideas since 1961. The journal stands in the general tradition of theistic and personalist humanism without further restriction of school or philosophical orientation, and is open to both the philosophical discussion of contemporary issues and historical studies. It is truly international in scope with contributions from authors around the world and circulation to institutions and individuals in 70 countries. IPQ numbers among its Associate Editors scholars from both the Far East and Europe, and the journal enjoys a long-standing relationship with the Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix in Belgium.
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