Recommandations françaises récentes sur la prise en charge des arthrites septiques sur articulation native de l’adulte

Septic arthritis (SA) is a rare but severe condition due to its mortality and the risk of joint destruction responsible of functional disability. In 2020, the Société française de rhumatologie (SFR) in cooperation with the Société française de pathologies infectieuse de langue française (SPILF) and the Société française de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique (SOFCOT) developed sixteen clinical practice recommendations for the diagnostic and management of adult native joint SA. They remind the importance of initial microbiological investigations, in particular synovial fluid analysis and blood cultures to be carried out if possible before any antibiotic therapy. They also underline the place of additional exams (X-rays, ultrasound, others) and the major therapeutic principles: duration and modalities of antibiotic therapy with proposals adapted to the most frequent germs, place of joint drainage whether medical or surgical, early rehabilitation and monitoring.