Design and Enhancement of Microstrip Patch Antenna Utilizing Mushroom Like-EBG for 5G Communications

Besides the considerable rise in wireless network usage and network-connected apps, this causes congestion, leading to a drop in data transmission speed. As a result of their high bandwidth availability and high data transfer speed, network operators recommended switching to higher frequencies. In communications via distance, the antenna plays a significant role in the transmission of the electrical radiated signal or the receiving of the electromagnetic signal. Many antennas can be utilized, one of which is the Microstrip Patch (MP) antenna. These antennas are very prevalent for their ease of configuration and design. On the other hand, it suffers from a lack of gain. In this research article, an MP antenna and MP antenna array are introduced and designed based on computer simulation technology antenna modelling software for 5G based-28 GHz applications. In order to optimise and enhance the simulated MP antenna parameters, the mushroom-like Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) is embedded with the MP antenna and MP antenna array to eliminate the presence of the surface waves that affecting negatively on the antenna gain. According to the simulation results, the gain is enhanced after utilising the mushroom-like EBG to be 6.48 dBi and significantly after applying the array configuration to be 11.9 dBi.