青贮猪粪、麦秸和甘蔗糖蜜饲喂绵羊的发酵特性、消化率及生产性能

G. Iñiguez-Covarrubias , J.A. Cuarón-Ibargüengoitia , P. Pérez-Gavilán , M. de la Torre-Martinez , I. Magaña-Plaza
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引用次数: 14

摘要

在4个全尺寸的料仓筒仓中青贮了16.5吨猪粪、麦秸和甘蔗糖蜜的不同混合物。一种混合物含有22%的猪粪,另一种混合物含有44% (DMB)。猪粪收集自一个露天混凝土生长肥育猪饲养场。在前六周,从筒仓中采集样品,分析pH、乳酸、总大肠菌群、梭菌、需氧菌和乳酸菌。三个月后,打开筒仓,评估其理化、微生物学和营养特性。在绵羊上进行了两项性能试验,一项是测定添加22%和44%猪粪的青贮饲料的营养价值,另一项是评价添加20%、40%、60%和80% (DMB)的44%猪粪青贮饲料在绵羊饲粮中的添加量。测定了8只羊在含22%和44%猪粪的青贮饲料中干物质、粗蛋白质、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维的消化率。对不同层次料仓样品的贮存稳定性评价表明,表面、底部和侧壁样品的稳定性较低,50 cm深度样品的稳定性较好。这些样品具有令人愉快的香气和外观,类似于优质干草。废青贮料中不存在典型的粪便香气。22%的猪粪青贮平均pH值达到4.4,44%的猪粪青贮平均pH值达到4.6。发酵7 d后,大肠菌群全部被破坏。青贮后梭状芽孢杆菌和需氧菌数量趋于减少。饲喂44%猪废青贮的绵羊平均日增重和粗蛋白质消化率高于饲喂22%猪废青贮的绵羊,但低于饲喂基础饲粮的绵羊(P <0·01)。3种饲粮的饲料效率不同(P <0·01)。饲喂44%和22%猪废青贮饲料的羊干物质采食量相似(P >0.01),但低于基础饲粮(P <0·01)。平均日增重和干物质采食量随44%猪废青贮水平的增加而降低(P <0·01)。4个处理间饲料效率无显著差异(P <0·01)。
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Fermentation characteristics, digestibility and performance of ensiled swine waste, wheat straw and cane molasses fed to sheep

In four full-scale bunker silos were ensiled 16·5 tons of different mixtures of swine waste, wheat straw and cane molasses. One mixture had 22% swine waste, and the other one 44% (DMB). Swine waste was collected from an open concrete growing-finishing swine feedlot. During the first six weeks samples were taken from the silos and analyzed for pH, lactic acid, total coliforms, clostridia and aerobic and lactic acid bacteria. After three months, silos were opened and evaluated for physico-chemical, microbiological and nutritional characteristics. Two performance trials on sheep were conducted, one to determine the nutritive value of the silages with 22 and 44% of swine waste and the other one to evaluate the inclusion of the silage with 44% swine waste at 20, 40, 60 and 80% (DMB) in sheep diets. Dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber digestibilities were determined for silages with 22 and 44% swine waste in eight sheep. Evaluation of storage stability in samples from different levels in bunker silos indicated low stability in surface, bottom and side wall samples and fairly good stability in samples from 50 cm depth. Those samples had a pleasant aroma and appearance similar to that of a good quality haylage. Typical manure aroma was not present in waste silages. Twenty-two percent swine waste silage reached an average pH 4·4 while 44% swine waste silage reached an average pH4·6. After 7 days of fermentation, total coliforms were completely destroyed. Clostridia and aerobic bacteria tended to be decreased by ensiling. Average daily gain and digestibility of crude protein were higher for sheep fed 44% swine waste silage than sheep fed 22% swine waste silage, but lower than sheep fed basal diet (P < 0·01). Feed efficiency was different for the three diets (P < 0·01). Dry matter intake was similar for sheep fed 44 and 22% swine waste silage (P > 0·01) but lower than sheep fed basal diet (P < 0·01). Average daily gain and dry matter intake decreased with increasing levels of 44% swine waste silage (P < 0·01). Feed efficiency was not different between the four treatments (P < 0·01).

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