Toxic and Repellent Effects of Three Oils as Seed Treatment against Aphis craccivora Koch. under Laboratory Conditions

The present study was carried out in the laboratory to investigate the repellent and toxic effects of faba bean seed treatment by camphor, mint, and basil oils on Aphis craccivora , and also, the effect of using dry and sprouting seeds was investigated. Data indicated that using sprouting seeds increased the repellent and toxic effects of oils compared with using dry seeds. After 1 hour, the highest repellent effect was recorded on sprouting seed treatment with basil oil (73.68%), followed insignificantly by dry seed treatment with basil oil (71.43%), sprouting seed treatment with mint oil (70.00%), and sprouting seed treatment with camphor oil (67.74%). However, after 24 hours, sprouting seed treatment with mint oil recorded the highest repellent effect (76.74%), followed insignificantly by dry seed treatment with basil oil (75.61%), sprouting seed treatment with basil oil (75.61%), and sprouting seed treatment with camphor oil (70.00%). No mortality percentages were observed by 1 day from treatment. After 2 days, the mortality percentage was almost low to moderate, however, a sharp increase was observed after 3 days, then mortality slightly increased after the fourth and fifth days in all treatments. Sprouting seed treatment with basil oil was the most effective against the adults of A. craccivora with mean mortality of 63.74%, followed insignificantly by sprouting seed treatment with camphor oil (63.02%) and with mint oil (61.36%).