在不同气候带繁殖的奶牛产奶量的标志,取决于它们出生的年份和季节

V. Fedorovych, I. V. Shpyt, Y. Fedorovych, Т. М. Supovych
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍了乌克兰不同气气带环境因素对奶牛产奶量形成影响的数据。结果表明,草原区产奶量、乳脂含量和乳脂产量最高,波利西亚区最低。在不同繁殖区的奶牛中,产奶量也随奶牛出生年份和季节的不同而存在群间差异。在森林草原区,2011年出生的第一头小牛的生产力最高,在波兰和草原区-对于2015年出生的动物,以及所有繁殖区的第三次哺乳,2015年出生的奶牛的生产力最高。根据产奶量特征,在不同出生季节的动物之间也存在曲线型群间分化。“Oleksandrivske”国有企业和“以Volovikov命名”股份有限公司的最高产奶量来自秋季出生的第一头小牛,而“Askaniiske”研究国有企业研究农场的最高产奶量来自夏季出生的动物。在第三次泌乳期间,秋季出生的奶牛在所有繁殖区的产奶量最高,其第一次产犊发生在春季的草原区,在秋季的森林草原区和波利西亚区。出生年份和繁殖区对产奶量和乳中脂肪含量的影响最为显著,对初生牛犊的影响更大,动物出生季节对产奶量的影响最小。
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The signs of milk productivity of cows bred in different climatic zones depending on the year and season of their birth
Data on the influence of environmental factors on the milk productivity formation of cows in different climatic zones of Ukraine are presented. It was established that animals bred in the steppe zone had the highest milk yield, milk fat content, and milk fat output, and animals from the Polissia zone had the lowest values. Among the cows from different breeding zones, intergroup differentiation was also observed by milk productivity depending on the year and season of their birth. In the forest steppe zone, the highest productivity was noted for the first-calf heifers born in 2011, in the Polissia and steppe zones — for the animals born in 2015, and for the third lactation in all breeding zones, the cows born in 2015 were the most productive. A curvilinear intergroup differentiation based on the characteristics of milk productivity was also noted between animals with different seasons of birth. The highest milk yields at “Oleksandrivske” State Enterprise and “Named after Volovikov” Joint Stock Company LLC were obtained from the first-calf heifers born in the autumn period, and at Research Farm “Askaniiske” Research State Enterprise — from animals born in summer. During the third lactation, the cows born in autumn were the most productive in all breeding zones and whose first calving occurred in the steppe zone in the spring period, in the forest steppe and Polissia zones — in autumn. The year of birth and the breeding zone had the most significant effect on fertility and fat content in milk, and it was stronger in first-calf heifers, and the season of birth of animals had the least effect on signs of milk productivity.
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