国际公法哲学与国际社会现实的变迁

A. Hammash
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摘要

纵观历史,国际社会概念的演变随着国际规则的演变而大大扩大。起初,它定义的是当时存在的主权国家集团,而后来联合国组织的创建,国际社会更倾向于指国际法律主体指定的任何个人。在冷战结束时,在政治和经济上仍然脆弱和不稳定的民族国家的激增,迫使联合国在这些国家的主权上采取行动,帮助它们生存下去。在过去几十年中,全球化现象有助于支持人权观念,并在很大程度上导致了一种能够对各国施加压力的全球舆论。此外,联合国将致力于在其所有决定和行动中强调和平的概念。因此,设立了国际刑事机构,如国际法院。但是,各国对其主权的恐惧仍然是一个问题。
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The Philosophy of International Public Law and the Changes on the Reality of the International Society
The evolution of the concept of International society has considerably broadened throughout history along with the evolution of International rules. At first, it was defining the group of sovereign States existing at that time, while subsequently to the creation of the UN organization, International society would rather imply any individual designated by International legal corpus. At the end of the Cold War, the multiplication of nation-States, that would stay politically and economically fragile and unstable, compelled the UN to act over those States' sovereignty, though, to help them to outlive. Over the last decades, the phenomenon of globalization has contributed to support the idea of human rights and has considerably led to a global opinion that would be able to put pressure on States. Moreover, the UN would engage itself in emphasizing the concept of peace in all its decisions and actions. As such, International Penal institutions as the International Court of Justice had been established. But the fear of States for their sovereignty has still remained a problem in the equation.
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