膀胱癌:流行病学特点及专科护理指标

N. Saidakova, О.І. Yatsina, V. Grodzinsky, V. Stus, M. Polion, V.M. Shiloh, G. Коnonova
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引用次数: 1

摘要

这项工作基于官方统计报告的材料,对其进行了为期10年的分析,分为两个五年期(2009-2013年和2014-2018年)。在考虑到性别的情况下,研究了乌克兰成年人口膀胱癌在区域方面的绝对和密集发病率和分布情况,并分析了病理患病率的基本指标。所揭示的不利形势的特点是,2014-2018年期间发病率和患病率以较慢的速度稳步上升。值得注意的是,男子发病率很高,在妇女发病率稳定的背景下,这一发病率正在上升。与此同时,在专业检查中,诊断为I-II期的新诊断患者人数(2018年为16.9%,2014年为18.0%)有所减少(72.2%对74.79%),其中五分之一为III-IV期。≥5年的登记患者人数有增加的趋势(59.1% vs. 56.5%),自诊断后1年内死亡率无显著变化(分别为14.7% vs. 15.6%)。专科护理结构中,手术方式占37-40%(65%为首次诊断),联合方式次之(占20%),放化疗两种方式加起来不超过5.0%。确定了与所研究的所有参数的乌克兰平均指标相对比率高或低的地区。由于存在区域差异,有必要深入研究这一问题的现状,包括护理的质量和组织。
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Bladder cfncer: features of epidemiology and indicators of specialized care delivery
The work is based on the materials of official statistical reporting, the analysis of which was carried out for 10 years, divided into two five-year periods (2009-2013 and 2014-2018). Absolute and intensive rates of morbidity and distribution of bladder cancer of the adult population of Ukraine in the regional aspect, taking into account sex were studied, the basic indicators of the prevalence of pathology were analyzed as well. The revealed unfavorable situation is characterized by a steady increase in morbidity and prevalence at a slower pace during 2014-2018. It is noteworthy the high level of morbidity in men, which is growing against the background of its stabilization among women. At the same time, there was noted the tendency in the reduced number of newly diagnosed patients during professional examinations (in 2018-16.9% against 18.0% in 2014) with diagnosis at stages I-II (72.2% vs. 74.79%), wherein every fifth has stage III-IV. With a tendency to increase in the number of registered patients ≥ 5 years (59.1% vs. 56.5%), the death rate did not change significantly within a year from the time of diagnosis (14.7% vs. 15.6%, respectively). In the structure of specialized care, (65% are patients with the first diagnosis), surgical method accounted for 37-40% by years, the combined was second (up to 20% by years), then radiation and chemotherapy, which together did not exceed 5.0%. Areas with high or low relative rates in relation to the average Ukrainian indicators for all parameters studied were identified. In the presence of regional differences, there is a need for in-depth studies of the state of the issue, including the quality and organization of care.
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