在极局部星际介质中近十年的宇宙射线观测

J. Rankin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2012年,也就是宇宙射线发现一百周年之际,旅行者1号穿越了日球层顶,开始对周围的星际介质进行首次现场测量。旅行者2号于2018年加入,这对双胞胎航天器继续在一个令人惊讶的、以前未被探索的等离子体状态下提供宇宙射线的关键数据。在这里,我们重点介绍了近十年来在非常局部的星际介质中进行的宇宙射线观测中出现的一些发现和见解,涉及的主题如下:i)宇宙射线在日球层顶边界的行为,ii)低能谱的特征(低至几MeV/nuc), iii)时变的、物种相关的各向异性的发现,以及iv)它们与穿过日球层并将压力波传输到VLISM的太阳瞬变的关系。
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Nearly a Decade of Cosmic Ray Observations in the Very Local Interstellar Medium
In 2012, the centennial year of the discovery of cosmic rays, Voyager 1 crossed the heliopause and began making the very first in-situ measurements of the surrounding interstellar medium. Joined by Voyager 2 in 2018, these twin spacecraft continue to provide critical data of cosmic rays in a surprising, previously-unexplored plasma regime. Here, we highlight some of the discoveries and insights that have emerged from nearly a decade of cosmic ray observations in the very local interstellar medium, addressing topics such as: i) the behavior of cosmic rays at the heliopause boundary, ii) the characteristics of the low-energy spectrum (down to a few MeV/nuc), iii) the discovery of a time-varying, species-dependent anisotropy, and iv) their relationship to solar-transients that pass through the heliosphere and transmit pressure waves into the VLISM.
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