Features of the relationship between the levels of regulation of hemodynamics and the activity of immune reactions in healthy and patients with coronary heart disease residents of the European North and the Arctic of the Russian Federation

Objective. To establish the features and interrelation of the levels of hemodynamics and the activity of immune reactions regulation in practically healthy people and patients with coronary heart disease living in the European North and the Arctic of the Russian Federation.Material and methods. The study included 430 people aged 21 to 55, 274 women and 156 men, living in Arkhangelsk region (Arkhangelsk, settlements of the Konosha district; 60° N.L., 40° E.L.), Murmansk region (settlements of Revda and Lovozero; 67° N.L., 34° E.L.) and the Spitsbergen archipelago (Barentsburg; 80° N.L., 10° E.L.). 244 of those were practically healthy at the time of the examination and 186 patients were diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The research included the study of hemogram, content of phenotypes of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD71+ lymphocytes, concentrations of sCD71, transferrin, IL-1β, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, Nt-pro-BNP, endothelin-1, total NO, endogenous NO2, nitrate NO3, cGMP, cAMP, antibodies to cardiolipin, antibodies to phospholipids, CEC IgM.Results. It was found that practically healthy residents of the Arctic, compared to people living in more favorable climatic conditions, are 2–2.5 times more likely to have elevated concentrations of transferrin, sCD71, dopamine, cortisol, endothelin-1 and Nt-pro-BNP, as well as autoantibodies to cardiolipids and IgM CIC in the plasma of venous peripheric blood. In patients with coronary heart disease, the frequency of elevated levels of trasferrin, endothelin-1, and cortisol in the blood is 1.5–2 times higher, and concentrations of natriuretic peptide, antiphospholipids, CIC and a free pool of transferrin receptors are 4–5 times higher than those in healthy people. The strongest correlations of all these factors with the concentration of the cardiomyocyte damage marker were found in sCD71, which confi rms the involvement of elevated concentrations of the serum transferrin receptor in the mechanisms of tissue damage.Conclusion. Hyperfunction of the cardiovascular system is provided by elevated reactions. A systematic increase in the levels of hemodynamic reactions, intercellular interactions, and integration of homeostasis regulation mechanisms provide correction of a certain stage of regulation and may lead to a reduction in reserve regulatory capabilities and excessive severity of adaptive processes.